We provide a methodology by which an epidemiologist may arrive at an optimal design for a survey whose goal is to estimate the disease burden in a population. For serosurveys with a given budget of rupees, a specified set of tests with costs, sensitivities, and specificities, we show the existence of optimal designs in four different contexts, including the well known c-optimal design. Usefulness of the results are illustrated via numerical examples. Our results are applicable to a wide range of epidemiological surveys under the assumptions that the estimate's Fisher-information matrix satisfies a uniform positive definite criterion.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13571-021-00267-w | DOI Listing |
Med Phys
January 2025
Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Background: X-ray grating-based dark-field imaging can sense the small angle scattering caused by object's micro-structures. This technique is sensitive to the porous microstructure of lung alveoli and has the potential to detect lung diseases at an early stage. Up to now, a human-scale dark-field CT (DF-CT) prototype has been built for lung imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Grupo de Investigación Materiales Con Impacto (Mat&Mpac), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 No. 30-65, 050026, Medellín, Colombia.
This study shows the efficiency of WH-C450, an adsorbent obtained from water hyacinth (WH) biomass, in the removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from aqueous solutions. The process involves calcination of WH at 450 °C to produce an optimal adsorbent material capable of removing up to 73% of SMX and maximum SMX adsorption capacity of 132.23 mg/g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Pharmacokinet
January 2025
Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
Background And Objective: Limited information is available on the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin (RIF) along with that of its active metabolite, 25-deacetylrifampicin (25-dRIF). This study aimed to analyse the pharmacokinetic data of RIF and 25-dRIF collected in adult patients treated for tuberculosis.
Methods: In adult patients receiving 10 mg/kg of RIF as part of a standard regimen for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis enrolled in the Opti-4TB study, plasma RIF and 25-dRIF concentrations were measured at various occasions.
AMB Express
January 2025
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, 11241, Egypt.
The increasing demand for natural alternatives to synthetic fungicides has prompted research into natural products like essential oils for postharvest disease management. This study investigated the antifungal, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and genotoxic potential of essential oil mixtures derived from oregano, rosemary, and mint against Penicillium digitatum, the predominant fungal pathogen causing green mold in orange fruits. P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Med (Lond)
January 2025
Rare Disease Translational Center, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
Background: Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD) is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by loss of function mutations in the SUMF1 gene that manifests as a severe pediatric neurological disease. There are no available targeted therapies for MSD.
Methods: We engineered a viral vector (AAV9/SUMF1) to deliver working copies of the SUMF1 gene and tested the vector in Sumf1 knock out mice that generally display a median lifespan of 10 days.
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