Thoracic aortic aneurysms are common. Most thoracic aortic aneurysms are degenerative. However, some are associated with connective tissue disorders, bicuspid aortic valves, or familial/genetic predisposition. Most are asymptomatic, discovered incidentally on imaging. Aortic diameter is the best predictor of the natural history and risk of complications. Treating hypertension and smoking cessation can slow their growth. Surveillance imaging and referral for prophylactic aortic repair based on absolute aneurysm diameter is the primary means to decrease mortality from thoracic aortic aneurysm. We provide a practical evidence-based summary of the pathophysiology, risk factors, associated genetic syndromes, and clinical management of thoracic aortic aneurysms.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccl.2021.06.003 | DOI Listing |
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Characteristics of transition to turbulence in a healthy thoracic aorta using large eddy simulation.
Sci Rep
January 2025
University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 680-749, Republic of Korea.
This study employed large eddy simulation (LES) with the wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity (WALE) model to investigate transitional flow characteristics in an idealized model of a healthy thoracic aorta. The OpenFOAM solver pimpleFoam was used to simulate blood flow as an incompressible Newtonian fluid, with the aortic walls treated as rigid boundaries. Simulations were conducted for 30 cardiac cycles and ensemble averaging was employed to ensure statistically reliable results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Mortality following Thoracic and Complex Endovascular Aortic Repair.
Ann Vasc Surg
January 2025
Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California. 1520 San Pablo Street HCT 4300, Los Angeles, California, 90033. Electronic address:
Objectives: This study assessed the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity and postoperative mortality among patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and complex endovascular aortic repair (CEVAR).
Methods: A retrospective review of the Vascular Quality Initiative database identified elective TEVAR and CEVAR cases from 2013-2022 with endograft proximal landing zone ≥2 for thoracic or complex abdominal aortic disease. Symptomatic disease, ruptures, and urgent/emergent surgeries were excluded.
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Penetrating Aortic Trauma.
Ann Vasc Surg
January 2025
Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.
Background: Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) reduced mortality for blunt aortic injury (BAI) from 30-50% to < 10%; however, penetrating traumatic aortic injury (PAI) remains highly lethal (>40% mortality). This study's goal is to determine outcomes of TEVAR for PAI.
Methods: Patients undergoing TEVAR for traumatic aortic injuries were identified from the Vascular Quality Initiative database from 2011-2022.
Long-Term Clinical Impact of Paravalvular Leak Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.
J Clin Med
January 2025
National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanitá, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Paravalvular leak (PVL) was initially recognized as one of the most common complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and has been linked to adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality. This study aims to assess the long-term clinical effects of PVL in patients undergoing TAVI with the latest generation of transcatheter aortic valves, as part of the national observational prospective multicenter study OBSERVANT II. OBSERVANT II included all consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent TAVI across 28 Italian centers from December 2016 to September 2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of Calcium Patterns in the Thoracic Aorta and Clinical Outcomes of TAVR Patients Presenting with Porcelain Aorta.
J Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute Insure, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine & Health, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany.
: In the presence of porcelain aorta (PA), transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a class I therapeutic indication for the treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis. To date, few studies have analyzed the clinical outcomes of TAVR in PA patients. We aim to analyze the calcification patterns of the thoracic aorta in PA patients and to evaluate their clinical implications for TAVR procedures.
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