In the latest One Health ECDC EFSA technical report, Norovirus in fish and fishery products have been listed as the agent/food pair causing the highest number of strong-evidence outbreaks in the EU in 2019. This review aims to identify data gaps that must be filled in order to increase knowledge on Norovirus in bivalve molluscs, perform a risk assessment and rank the key mitigation strategies for this biological hazard, which is relevant to public health. Virologic determinations are not included in any of the food safety and process hygiene microbiologic criteria reflected in the current European regulations. In addition, the Escherichia coli-based indices of acceptable faecal contamination for primary production, as well as the food safety criteria, do not appear sufficient to indicate the extent of Norovirus contamination. The qualitative risk assessment data collected in this review suggests that bivalve molluscs present a high risk to human health for Norovirus only when consumed raw or when insufficiently cooked. On the contrary, the risk can be considered negligible when they are cooked at a high temperature, while information is still scarce for non-thermal treatments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10102444 | DOI Listing |
PeerJ
January 2025
CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Porto, Portugal.
The rough pen shell Linnaeus, 1758 (family Pinnidae) is a mollusc with an Atlantic-Mediterranean distribution, typically inhabiting coarse sandy substrates. Habitat degradation is considered the primary cause of population decline, leading to the designation 'Vulnerable' in certain regions. In this study, we conducted a genetic analysis of populations of from Cabo Verde and compared them with populations from the Mediterranean and Macaronesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Environ Virol
January 2025
Wageningen Food Safety Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Viral contamination of bivalve molluscs, such as oysters, is a well-recognized food safety risk. The aim of this study was to assess virological hazards in market-ready oysters on the Dutch market. Non-targeted metagenome analysis was first performed on norovirus spiked-in samples showing linear and sensitive detection of norovirus GI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
In the previous study, discarded oyster farming bamboo scaffolding (BS) demonstrated the potential for application in pulping and papermaking through the soda pulping process. However, soda pulping involves high temperatures and chemical dosages. Therefore, this study develops an alternative pulping process to lower temperature and chemical demands by utilizing a high-consistency kneader (HCK), simultaneously promoting the utilization of BS in pulping and papermaking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
Earth Collections, University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, UK.
Mollusca is the second most species-rich animal phylum, but the pathways of early molluscan evolution have long been controversial. Modern faunas retain only a fraction of the past forms in this hyperdiverse and long-lived group. Recent analyses have consistently recovered a fundamental split into two sister clades, Conchifera (including gastropods, bivalves and cephalopods) and Aculifera, comprising Polyplacophora ('chitons') and Aplacophora.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
December 2024
Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) poses a major risk to shrimp aquaculture, and filter-feeding bivalves on shrimp farms may contribute to its persistence and transmission. This study investigated the bioaccumulation and vector potential of WSSV in Pacific oysters (), blue mussels (), and manila clams () cohabiting with WSSV-infected shrimp. Sixty individuals of each species (average shell lengths: 11.
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