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The Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein Modulates Transcription Factor and DNA Repair Genes in Human Cells Treated with Hydroxyl Radicals and UV-C. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Tardigrades are tiny invertebrates (0.1-1.0 mm) known for their incredible resilience to extreme conditions like high pressure, radiation, and dehydration, largely due to a protein called Dsup.
  • Dsup helps protect DNA from damage caused by X-ray and oxidative stress in both animal and plant cells without harming cell viability.
  • Research indicates that Dsup enhances the expression of genes associated with DNA repair, particularly in response to UV-C exposure, suggesting it plays a crucial role in cellular protection against various forms of stress.

Article Abstract

The tardigrade is an extremotolerant terrestrial invertebrate with a length of 0.1-1.0 mm. These small animals show an extraordinary tolerance to extreme conditions such as high pressure, irradiation, chemicals and dehydration. These abilities are linked to a recently discovered damage suppressor protein (Dsup). Dsup is a nucleosome-binding protein that avoids DNA damage after X-ray and oxidative stress exposure without impairing cell life in Dsup-transfected animal and plant cells. The exact "protective" role of this protein is still under study. In human cells, we confirmed that Dsup confers resistance to UV-C and HO exposure compared to untransfected cells. A different transcription factor activation was also observed. In addition, a different expression of endogenous genes involved in apoptosis, cell survival and DNA repair was found in Dsup+ cells after HO and UV-C. In UV-C exposed cells, Dsup efficiently upregulates DNA damage repair genes, while HO treatment only marginally involves the activation of pathways responsible for DNA repair in Dsup+ cells. These data are in agreement with the idea of a direct protective effect of the protein on DNA after oxidative stress. In conclusion, our data may help to outline the different mechanisms by which the Dsup protein works in response to different insults.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8533384PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10100970DOI Listing

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