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Insects have a highly sensitive sense of smell, allowing them to perform complex behaviors, such as foraging and peer recognition. Their sense of smell is based on the recognition of ligands and is mainly coordinated by odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). In , behavior can be affected by different pathogens, including deformed wing virus (DWV) and its variants. In particular, it has been shown that variant A of DWV (DWV-A) is capable of altering the ultra-cellular structure associated with olfactory activity. In this study was evaluated olfactory sensitivity and the expression of OBP genes in honey bees inoculated with DWV-A. Electroantennographic analyses (EAG) were carried out to determine the olfactory sensitivity to the essential oils and . The expression of nine antenna-specific OBP genes and DWV-A load in inoculated bees was also quantified by qPCR. We observed an inverse relationship between viral load and olfactory sensitivity and the expression of some OBP proteins. Thus, high viral loads reduced olfactory sensitivity to essential oils and the gene expression of the OBP2, OBP5, OBP11, and OBP12 proteins on the antennas of middle- and forager-age bees. These results suggest that DWV-A could have negative effects on the processes of aroma perception by worker bees, affecting their performance in tasks carried out in and outside the colony.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12100895 | DOI Listing |
Front Mol Neurosci
December 2024
Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus at Drexel University, Elkins Park, PA, United States.
Retinal membrane guanylyl cyclase (RetGC), regulated by guanylyl cyclase activating proteins (GCAPs) via negative calcium-feedback, is one of the most critically important enzymes in vertebrate rod and cone physiology, enabling their sensitivity to light. It was also reported that, similarly to olfactory receptor guanylyl cyclase, bicarbonate anion directly stimulates RetGC activity in photoreceptors as a novel phototransduction-linked regulating factor. We directly tested whether or not RetGC is a bicarbonate-activated enzyme using recombinant human RetGC expressed in HEK293 cells and the native RetGC in mouse retinas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
December 2024
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Rapid and sensitive diagnostic measures are a pre-requisite for the control of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. Dogs detect SARS-CoV-2-infected human individuals with high speed due to their extraordinary olfactory acuity. In the post-pandemic phase of SARS-CoV-2 it is difficult to obtain samples from infected humans for scent dog training.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscov Oncol
December 2024
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Care and Social Work, Trnava University in Trnava, Univerzitné Námestie 1, 91843, Trnava, Slovakia.
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, with its highly sensitive olfactory system, has emerged as a promising tool for testing chemotaxis. In the field of cancer diagnostics, there is a growing interest in the development of non-invasive screening methods for the detection of volatile organic compounds in a patient's urine. The objective of this study was to contribute to the existing body of knowledge by evaluating the ability of a Caenorhabditis elegans-based chemotaxis assay to discriminate between urine samples from healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with breast or colon cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China. Electronic address:
The risk of neonicotinoid insecticides to honeybees is a global issue. Cycloxaprid (CYC) is a novel neonicotinoid insecticide with outstanding activities, good safety profiles, and no cross-resistance with other neonicotinoids. Information on the environmental risks of CYC is limited, especially its effects on honeybees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
December 2024
Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
The highly developed sensitive olfactory system is essential for Scott (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) adults, an widely distributed natural predatory enemy, to locate host plants. During this process, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are thought to have significant involvement in the olfactory recognition. However, the roles of OBPs in the olfactory perception of are not frequently reported.
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