The use of procedural sedation in birds has become a routine practice in veterinary medicine during the past 10 years, with a corresponding increase in avian sedation research. Sedation is most often used in a clinical setting for birds to facilitate examination and/or diagnostic sample collection, splint application, grooming, and minor surgical procedures. Sedation provides several benefits over manual restraint or general anesthesia when performing clinical procedures. This review provides an overview of current studies on avian sedation and discusses common indications, protocols, and adverse effects of sedation in avian patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1647/20-00045 | DOI Listing |
Vet Anaesth Analg
October 2024
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
Objective: To assess sedation following intramuscular (IM) administration of medetomidine versus medetomidine-vatinoxan in bearded dragons.
Study Design: Prospective, randomized, experimental, crossover study.
Animals: A group of 10 (five males and five females) bearded dragons (mean mass ± standard deviation 172 ± 28 g).
J Avian Med Surg
October 2024
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA,
Chickens () are commonly used for research, food production, show, and companionship. Sedation is often necessary for sample collection, imaging, or treatment. Dexmedetomidine has been previously used to sedate birds, often with other sedatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Anaesth Analg
October 2024
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. Electronic address:
Am J Vet Res
October 2024
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
Objective: To determine if sedation with medetomidine-vatinoxan (Zenalpha; Dechra Veterinary Products) and midazolam (Alvogen) (ZM) would cause less cardiovascular depression and maintain similar depth and duration of sedation in pigeons (Columba livia domestica) compared to dexmedetomidine and midazolam (DM).
Methods: In a blinded crossover study, 15 healthy adult domestic pigeons were sedated IM with either dexmedetomidine (0.08 mg/kg) and midazolam (2 mg/kg) or medetomidine (0.
Braz J Vet Med
July 2024
Veterinarian, DSc., Universidade de Vassouras, Vassouras, RJ, Brazil.
This prospective, blinded, randomized crossover study aimed to assess the anesthetic effects of the combination of 30 mg/kg ketamine and 2 mg/kg midazolam via intranasal (IN) or intramuscular (IM) routes in twelve domestic chickens. Physiological parameters (respiratory rate - RR, heart rate - HR, and cloacal temperature -Tºcloacal) were monitored throughout the experiment, along with recovery time and sedation level (S0: awake, no recumbency, responsive to stimuli; S1: blinking eyes, recumbency, relaxed, response to stimulus, mild movement; S2: open eyes, recumbency, relaxed, mild response to stimuli; S3: closed eyes, recumbency, relaxed, no movement). In the IM group, all birds reached S3, while in IN 5/12 reached S3, 4/12 reached at most S1, and 1/12 at most S2.
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