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Obesity modulates NK-cell activity via LDL & DUSP1 signaling for Populations with Adverse Social Determinants.
JCI Insight
December 2024
Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, United States of America.
African American (AA) women are disproportionally affected by obesity and hyperlipidemia, particularly in the setting of adverse social determinants of health (aSDoH) contributing to health disparities. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, and aSDoH appear to impair Natural Killer cells (NKs). As potential common underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, we sought to investigate common signaling pathways involved in NK dysfunction related to obesity and hyperlipidemia in AA women from under-resourced neighborhoods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of patient- and hospital-level predictors with patterns of initial treatment in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: findings from a national cohort study.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
December 2024
Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Department of Inflammation Biology, King's College London, London, UK.
Objectives: To update the first-line conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) prescribing pattern, describe change and variation across demographical and geographical factors in the Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population, and identify individual and hospital factors associated with it.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included newly diagnosed RA adult patients from 1 May 2018-1 April 2023 in the UK. We used adjusted multinomial logistic regression with random effect to explore associations with different first-line csDMRAD prescription and to account for hospital-level clustering.
The impact of restricted chests on long-term lung function parameters following lung transplantation in patients with interstitial lung disease.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg
December 2024
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Objectives: In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), the diaphragm typically rises as the lungs chronically shrink. However, the grade of restriction differs in each patient. It is currently unknown, how disparities between actual and predicted recipient total lung capacity (TLC), impact changes in lung function parameters and long-term outcomes following lung transplantation (LTx).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDepression is Associated with Treatment Response Trajectories in Adults with Prolonged Grief Disorder: A Machine Learning Analysis.
medRxiv
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Unlabelled: Although evidence-based treatments for Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) exist, pretreatment characteristics associated with differential improvement trajectories have not been identified. To identify clinical factors relevant to optimizing PGD treatment outcomes, we used unsupervised and supervised machine learning to study treatment effects from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Participants were randomized into four treatment groups for 20 weeks: citalopram with grief-informed clinical management, citalopram with prolonged grief disorder therapy (PGDT), pill placebo with PGDT, or pill placebo with clinical management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultilevel Mediators on the Associations of Neighborhood Social Environmental Factors and Severity of Metabolic Syndrome: The Jackson Heart Study.
J Am Heart Assoc
December 2024
Socio-Spatial Determinants of Health (SSDH) Laboratory, Population and Community Health Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD.
Background: Neighborhood characteristics serve as risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the intermediary factors linking this relationship remain understudied. Thus, we investigated the sex-specific mediating role of C-reactive protein, physical activity (PA), and perceived stress in the associations of perceived neighborhood social environment (PNSE) with MetS severity among Black adults.
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