Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the health system worldwide. The organ and tissue donation and transplantation (OTDT) system is no exception and has had to face ethical challenges related to the pandemic, such as risks of infection and resource allocation. In this setting, many Canadian transplant programs halted their activities during the first wave of the pandemic.
Method: To inform future ethical guidelines related to the COVID-19 pandemic or other public health emergencies of international concern, we conducted a literature review to summarize the ethical issues.
Results: This literature review identified three categories of ethical challenges. The first one describes the general ethical issues and challenges reported by OTDT organizations and transplantation programs, such as risks of COVID-19 transmission and infection to transplant recipients and healthcare professionals during the transplant process, risk of patient waitlist mortality or further resource strain where transplant procedures have been delayed or halted, and resource allocation. The second category describes ethical challenges related to informed consent in the context of uncertainty and virtual consent. Finally, the third category describes ethical issues related to organ allocation, such as social considerations in selecting transplant candidates.
Conclusion: This literature review highlights the salient ethical issues related to OTDT during the current COVID-19 pandemic. As medical and scientific knowledge about COVID-19 increases, the uncertainties related to this disease will decrease and the associated ethical issues will continue to evolve.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00711-6 | DOI Listing |
J Egypt Natl Canc Inst
December 2024
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
Background: Lung cancer is a form of cancer that is responsible for the largest incidence of deaths attributed to cancer worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent of all the subtypes of the disease. Treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) may help some people who have been diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Anim Health Prod
December 2024
Animal Breeding and Genomic Group, Department of Animal Science, University Egerton, PO Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya.
The evolution of body weight under the natural trypanosome challenge and its association with disease tolerance to trypanosomosis is of utmost economic importance in cattle. This study estimated heritability for growth traits and packed cell volume (PCV) and their genetic correlations in the N'Dama cattle in the Gambia. A total of 2,488, 2,442, 1,471, 1,934, and 1,452 bodyweight records at 12 months (WT12), 16 months (WT16), 18 months (WT18), 24 months (WT24), 36 months (WT36) and 50 months (WT50) and 1,782, 1,800, 1,844, 1,608, and 1,459 records for PCV at 12 months (PCV12) 18 months (PCV18), 24 months (PCV24), 36 months (PCV36), and 50 months (PCV50), respectively, were analysed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Trace Elem Res
December 2024
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Previous studies have proved trace mineral disorders to be related to changes in oxidative stress, inflammatory state, and immune response in asthmatics. However, there is a scarcity of studies that examine the correlation between copper intake with mortality in asthmatic people. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of copper intake on the asthmatic population's mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Sci
December 2024
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, No. 56 Nan-Li-Shi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
Background: This study investigated RANBP2 mutations in children with acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) and conducted a systematic review of the differences in clinical characteristics between with or without RANBP2 mutations.
Methods: Whole-exome sequencing was performed on 19 pediatric ANE patients at Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between 2017 and 2020. A systematic literature review was also conducted on the clinical characteristics and spectrum analysis of RANBP2 mutations.
Biol Res
December 2024
Unidad de Innovación en Prevención y Oncología de Precisión Centro Oncológico, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Innovación en Prevención y Oncología de Precisión Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, 3480094, Chile.
Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with hereditary forms accounting for approximately 10% of cases. In Chile, significant gaps exist in genetic counseling and testing, particularly within the public health system. This study presents the implementation and outcomes of the first regional hereditary cancer program in the Maule region of Chile, aimed at improving detection and management of hereditary breast cancer.
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