Immune Responses to MERS-CoV in Humans and Animals.

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic coronavirus that circulates in dromedary camels and sporadically transmit into humans, subsequently resulting in community and nosocomial cases. The viral infection in humans has a range of disease severity from asymptomatic to severe pneumonia and death, whereas the infection in camels is usually asymptomatic. There is no approved antiviral therapy or vaccine for MERS-CoV infections although there have been a number of therapeutic and vaccine candidates under development, for both humans and camels. To date, there has been limited research on the immune responses and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV in both humans and camels. Here, this chapter is focused on MERS-CoV specific immunity in different species with some details regarding the various animal models.