AI Article Synopsis

  • The gut microbiome consists of various microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, which play a crucial role in gut immune function and diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • Understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and inflammation is essential for improving disease management and developing preventive and therapeutic strategies.
  • This review focuses on the role of enteric viruses in IBD and CRC, examining their interactions with the immune system and other microbes, and highlights potential therapeutic targets based on recent studies.

Article Abstract

The gut microbiome includes a series of microorganism genomes, such as bacteriome, virome, mycobiome, etc. The gut microbiota is critically involved in intestine immunity and diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Clarifying the relationship between microbiota and inflammation may profoundly improve our understanding of etiology, disease progression, patient management, and the development of prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the latest studies of the influence of enteric viruses (i.e., commensal viruses, pathogenic viruses, and bacteriophages) in the initiation, progression, and complication of colitis and colorectal cancer, and their potential for novel preventative approaches and therapeutic application. We explore the interplay between gut viruses and host immune systems for its effects on the severity of inflammatory diseases and cancer, including both direct and indirect interactions between enteric viruses with other microbes and microbial products. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of the virome's roles in gut inflammatory response have been explained to infer potential therapeutic targets with examples in specific clinical trials. Given that very limited literature has thus far discussed these various topics with the gut virome, we believe these extensive analyses may provide insight into the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of IBD and CRC, which could help add the design of improved therapies for these important human diseases.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9008076PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.10.004DOI Listing

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