[Comparison of effectiveness of femoral neck system and cannulate compression screw in treatment of femoral neck fracture in young and middle-aged patients].

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of femoral neck system (FNS) and cannulate compression screw (CCS) in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged patients.

Methods: The clinical data of 82 young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fracture treated between January 2018 and September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into FNS group (24 cases) and CCS group (58 cases) according to different surgical methods. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( >0.05) in general data such as gender, age, height, body mass, cause of injury, complications, fracture location, and fracture classification (Garden classification and Pauwells classification). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, complications (nonunion, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, shortening of femoral neck, etc.), visual analogue scale (VAS) score at 2 days after operation, clinical healing time of fracture, and Harris score of hip joint after operation were recorded and compared between the two groups.

Results: The operation time and VAS score at 2 days after operation in FNS group were significantly lower than those in CCS group ( <0.05); there was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups ( =0.263, =0.796). The patients in CCS group were followed up 6-18 months, with an average of 13.6 months; and the follow-up time in FNS group was 3-12 months, with an average of 7.3 months. There was no complication of internal fixator loosening in both groups. There were 2 cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, 1 case of bone nonunion, and 13 cases of femoral neck shortening in CCS group and only 2 cases of femoral neck shortening in FNS group. The difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (27.6% 8.3%) was significant ( =36.670, =0.015). In CCS group, 3 cases underwent secondary artificial hip arthroplasty due to bone nonunion and osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and the remaining 55 cases achieved clinical healing; in FNS group, 6 patients excluded in the statistics because the follow-up time was less than 6 months, and the remaining 18 fractures healed clinically; there was significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups ( =4.481, =0.000). The difference of Harris score of hip joint between 9 months and 6 months after operation in FNS group was significantly higher than that in CCS group ( <0.05), and the Harris score at 9 months after operation was significantly higher than that at 6 months after operation in both groups ( <0.05).

Conclusion: FNS can accelerate the healing of femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged patients, so that patients can start functional exercise as soon as possible, thereby reducing the incidence of related complications.