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Bovine Nodular Thelitis: a Clinicopathological Study of 20 Cases. | LitMetric

Bovine Nodular Thelitis: a Clinicopathological Study of 20 Cases.

Vet Dermatol

*Laboratoire Véterinaire Departemental du Jura, Lons-le-Saunier, Cedex, France.

Published: December 1990

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Abstract- Bovine nodular thelitis in dairy cows is a chronic and enzootic infection. Four stages were distinguished: early stage, evolutive stage, ulcerative stage and final stage. Lesions were located mainly in the lower part of the udder or on the teat and recognized as solid papules and nodules. The histopathological study revealed a tuberculoid granulomatous pattern characterized by a subacute focal dermatitis with lymphoid cells, macrophages, epitheloid cells and a variable number of multinucleate giant cells (Langhans type) but no necrosis. Acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated in two of 14 cases. Three strains of acid fast bacilli were isolated but the only one identified was Mycobacterium terrae. M. terrae is a non-pathogenic slowly growing, non-photochromogenic mycobacterium. Its role in tuberculosis-like skin lesion is the bovine udder is uncertain. Résumé- La thélite nodulaire est une infection chronique et enzootique chez les vaches laitières. On distingue 4 phases: une phase précoce, une phase évolutive, une phase ulcérative et une phase finale. Vingt échantillons histologiques, mammelles et trayons, ont été examinés. Les lésions étaient localisées essentiellement à la partie basse de la mammelle ou sur le trayon et se présentaient sous l'aspect de papules solides ou de nodules. Les échantillons étaient divisés en deux parties: l'une destinée à l'isolement de mycobactéries, l'autre à l'examen histologique. Les lésions histologiques des trayons étaient des granulomes tuberculoïdes, caractérisés par une dermatite subaigue focale avec présence de lymphocytes, macrophages, cellules épithélioïdes et une nombre variable de cellules multinucléées géantes (type Langhans). Les infiltrats inflammatoires étaient principalement périvasculaires. Parfois, ils infiltraient toute la paroi du trayon. Aucune nécrose n'a été observée. Des bacilles acidoalcoolorésistants furent mis en évidence de manière inconstante (2 cas sur 14). Trois types de bacilles acidoalcoolorésistants ont été isolés raais, un seul a été identifié comme étant Mycobacterium terrae. M. terrae est une mycobactérie non pathogène, de croissance lente et non photochromogène. L'implication de cet organisme dans les lésions de type tuberculeux dans la mammelle de la vache est discutée. Zusammenfassung- Bei Milchkühen stellt die bovine noduläre Thelitis eine chronische und enzootische Infektion dar. Vier Stadien lassen sich unterscheiden: Früstadium evolutorisches Stadium, ulzeratives Stadium und Endstadium. 20 pathologische Proben von Euter und Zitzen wurden untersucht. Die Veränderungen waren hauptsächlich am unteren Teil des Euters oder an den Zitzen lokalisiert und ließen sich als solide Papeln oder Knoten ansprechen. Das Untersuchungsgul wurde für die Isolierung von Mykobakterien und für eine histopathologische Untersuchung geteilt. Die histopathologischen Veränderungen der Zitzen zeigten ein tuberkuloides granulomatöses Bild, das durch subakute fokale Dermatitis mit lymphyoiden Zellen, Makrophagen, Epitheloidzellen und einer variablen Anzahl von vielkernigen Riesenzellen (Langhans-Typ) gekennzeichnet war. Die entzündlichen Infiltrate befanden sich hauptsächlich perivaskulär. Manchmal ließen sie sich aber auch in der gesamten Zitzenwand nachweisen. Nekrosen bestaznden nicht. Säurefeste Bazillus-Keime waren inkonstant vorhanden (2 von 14 Fällen). Drei Arten von säurefesten Bazillus-Keimen wurden isoliert, aber nur eine wurde speziell identifiziert (Mycobacterium terrae). M. terrae ist ein nicht pathogenes, langsam wachsendes und nich photochromogenes Mykobakterium. Die Beteiligung dieses Organismus bei den tuberkulose-ähnlichen Hautveränderungen am bovinen Euter wird diskutiert. Resumen  La Telitis Nodular Bovina es una infección enzoótica crónica de las vacas lecheras. Se distinguen cuatro etapas: etapa inicial, etapa evolutiva, etapa ulcerativa y etapa final. En el presente trabajo se examinaron 20 muestras de mama y de pezón. Las lesiones se localizaban principalmente en la parte inferior de la glándula mamaria o en el pezón y consistían en pápulas sólidas y en nódulos. Las muestras se dividían en dos partes, una para el aislamiento de micobacterias y la otra para los estudios histopatológicos. Las lesiones histopatológicas consistían en una reacción granulomatosa de tipo tuberculoide, caracterizada por una dermatitis focal subaguda con células linfoides, macrófagos, células epitelioides y un número variable de células gigantes multinucleadas (tipo Langhans). Los infiltrados inflamatorios estaban localizados predominantemente en la zone perivascular. En ocasiones, aparecían a lo largo de toda la pared de la glándula mamaria. No se observó necrosis. Se han aislado tres cepas de bacilos acido-alcohol resistentes, pero sólo una fue identificada específicamente como Mycobacterium terrae. M. Terrae es una micobacteria no fotocromogénica de crecimiento lento y no patógena. Se discute la posible participación de este microorganismo en la génesis de las lesiones pseudotuberculosas observadas en estos animales.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3164.1990.tb00095.xDOI Listing

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