This discussion piece argues for a refinement in our understanding of prevention in sexual abuse, suggesting that we include quaternary prevention on the grounds that this concept from medical literature has potential and helpful application to criminal justice and particularly to work with those who cause sexual harm. Located within the paradigm of Epidemiological Criminology (EpiCrim), quaternary prevention extends the prevention spectrum to enable a stronger distinction between tertiary level responses and long-term safe, sustainable reintegration into communities, particularly of those who sexually abuse others. The key principles of quaternary prevention are adapted and refined from current medical literature, and the potential usefulness of quaternary prevention to crime and sex abuse prevention is explored.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624X211049204 | DOI Listing |
Pediatr Dent
January 2025
Department of Dental Hygiene and Dental Assisting, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the release of silver and fluoride ions from caries lesions treated with silver diammine fluoride (SDF), with and without using a light-emitting diode (LED) curing light, the use of which increases silver penetration into the lesion. Eighteen extracted primary molars with natural caries lesions were divided into four groups: (1) one-minute SDF (n equals six); (2) 40-second SDF + 20-second LED (n equals six); (3) untreated control (n equals three); and (4) 20-second LED control (n equals three). Samples were immersed in artificial saliva for 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Pathog
February 2025
The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation/National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residue (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address:
SALMONELLA: as an important food-borne zoonotic pathogen, is found in soil and processing environment by human or animal feces, causing serious public health problems. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) disinfectants are widely used in hospitals, livestock farms and food processing sites because of their low toxicity and broad-spectrum disinfection. However, sub-lethal levels of QACs disinfectants can induce bacteria to develop tolerance to disinfectants and cross-resistance to other antimicrobial agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
March 2025
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 68 Xuefu South Road, East and West Lake District, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China.
The surfaces of underwater ship hulls and aquaculture equipment, such as fish cages, are highly susceptible to damage from fouling organisms. Although traditional marine antifouling coatings exhibit effective antifouling properties, the leaching of antifouling agents into the marine environment can lead to pollution and ecological disruption. In this study, we prepared castor oil polyurethane (CO-PU) by reacting castor oil with isocyanate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
February 2025
TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, A Joint Venture between Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research and Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes 3.3 million symptomatic cases and 44,000 deaths per year. Chronic infections can arise in immunocompromised individuals, and pregnant women may suffer from fulminant disease as a consequence of HEV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
February 2025
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China.
The use of biodiesel as an alternative to diesel remains controversial because of its potential impact on organic matter emissions. Herein, intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) from five agricultural machines (AMs) using three types of fuels (pure diesel (B0), diesel mixed with 5 and 20% biodiesel (B5 and B20), respectively) were collected and analyzed. The following results were obtained: (1) Reasonable biodiesel ratios reduced IVOC emissions.
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