Background: Shooting sports are included in collegiate and Olympic events. However, there is minimal evidence examining injury prevalence and incidence for these athletes.
Hypothesis/purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature to examine the available evidence regarding the incidence, prevalence, and types of injuries that affect athletes in Olympic-style shooting events.
Study Design: Systematic review.
Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus were searched utilizing terms related to shooting and injuries. Studies were included if they reported prevalence or incidence of injury in collegiate or Olympic shooting events, and were excluded if inclusion criteria were not met, full text was unavailable, or not in English. Two reviewers independently screened articles in two phases: 1) screening of titles/abstracts 2) full text review. A third reviewer resolved conflicts.
Results: Nineteen studies were ultimately included. The sports identified were biathlon, rifle, pistol, and shotgun. Shooting events in both winter and summer Olympics had low percentages of injuries compared to other sports. Winter shooting events had a higher percentage of injuries (6.9%) compared to summer (2.3%). In summer, females demonstrated a higher percentage of injuries (6.9%) compared to males (1.7%). In winter, males had a higher percentage of injuries (8.6%) versus females (5.1%).
Conclusion: Injury incidence and prevalence was low for athletes in shooting sports in the Olympics. Injury rate was higher in the winter Olympic shooting events likely from increased physiological demand. With injury surveillance focusing on acute injuries rather than chronic, the number of injuries may be underestimated. Females had higher injury rates than males in the summer Olympics while the opposite was observed in the winter Olympics, likely from sex differences and differences in physiological demand for each event.
Level Of Evidence: Level 3.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8486400 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.26603/001c.28231 | DOI Listing |
J Interpers Violence
January 2025
Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, USA.
Both mass shootings and acts of bias-motivated violence have significant psychological consequences, as survivors commonly experience psychological distress in the form of depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following the event. Moreover, increases in psychological distress are common near the year mark of a traumatic event. However, little is currently known about how communities affected by the intersection of bias-motivated violence and mass shootings are affected by these events in the longer term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The sport of rifle places unique physical demands on its athletes relative to other collegiate sports, including maintaining lumbar-straining positions for extended time. Anecdotal reports of low back pain (LBP) are common among collegiate rifle athletes, but the prevalence of LBP in this population has not yet been established in the literature.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey collegiate rifle athletes to quantify the prevalence and impact of low back pain in this population and identify possible contributing factors including the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Sch Health
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Background: School shooting events and lockdowns have increased in the United States, raising concerns about their impact on youth mental health.
Method: This study assessed the association between school lockdowns and changes in youth mental health in 10,049 children who participated in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. The exposure was school lockdowns related to violence and shooting incidents, and the outcomes were Child Behavior Checklist scores on five mental health disorders.
J Adolesc Health
November 2024
Department of Medicine, Health and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
Purpose: The present study describes juveniles injured in fatal and nonfatal shootings by the police from 2015 to 2020, compares characteristics of juvenile victimizations to adult victimizations, and estimates the odds of a shooting victim being a juvenile v. adult, given known characteristics.
Methods: From July 2021 to April 2023, we manually reviewed publicly available records on all 2015-2020 injurious shootings by the US police, identified from Gun Violence Archive.
BJPsych Open
November 2024
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, New Zealand.
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