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Plant Autophagy: An Intricate Process Controlled by Various Signaling Pathways. | LitMetric

Plant Autophagy: An Intricate Process Controlled by Various Signaling Pathways.

Front Plant Sci

Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.

Published: September 2021

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Autophagy is a ubiquitous process used widely across plant cells to degrade cellular material and is an important regulator of plant growth and various environmental stress responses in plants. The initiation and dynamics of autophagy in plant cells are precisely controlled according to the developmental stage of the plant and changes in the environment, which are transduced into intracellular signaling pathways. These signaling pathways often regulate autophagy by mediating TOR (Target of Rapamycin) kinase activity, an important regulator of autophagy initiation; however, some also act via TOR-independent pathways. Under nutrient starvation, TOR activity is suppressed through glucose or ROS (reactive oxygen species) signaling, thereby promoting the initiation of autophagy. Under stresses, autophagy can be regulated by the regulatory networks connecting stresses, ROS and plant hormones, and in turn, autophagy regulates ROS levels and hormone signaling. This review focuses on the latest research progress in the mechanism of different external signals regulating autophagy.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8495024PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.754982DOI Listing

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