Model-based fuel design can tailor fuels to advanced engine concepts while minimizing environmental impact and production costs. A rationally designed ketone-ester-alcohol-alkane (KEAA) blend for high efficiency spark-ignition engines was assessed in a multi-disciplinary manner, from production cost to ignition characteristics, engine performance, ecotoxicity, microbial storage stability, and carbon footprint. The comparison included RON 95 E10, ethanol, and two previously designed fuels. KEAA showed high indicated efficiencies in a single-cylinder research engine. Ignition delay time measurements confirmed KEAA's high auto-ignition resistance. KEAA exhibits a moderate toxicity and is not prone to microbial infestation. A well-to-wheel analysis showed the potential to lower the carbon footprint by 95 percent compared to RON 95 E10. The findings motivate further investigations on KEAA and demonstrate advancements in model-based fuel design.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9299169 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202101704 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- - The study focused on recovering oil from discarded lemon peel biomass and testing it as a gasoline substitute in engine blends at different volume ratios (10%, 20%, and 30%) using steam distillation for oil extraction.
- - Using an endoscopic visualization approach, the research found that a 10% lemon peel oil blend offered higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions, while premixed combustion produced better combustion characteristics, leading to increased cylinder pressure.
- - To enhance performance, a ceramic coating was applied to the piston using the micro-arc oxidation technique, which improved thermal efficiency by 3% and 4.69% for the 20% lemon peel oil blend compared to uncoated and pure gasoline engines, while also reducing hydrocarbon
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