Stretch and stress distributions in the human artery based on two-layer model considering residual stresses.

The objective is to know the stress distributions in the arterial walls under residual stresses based on two-layer model. Human common carotid arteries were analysed to show stress distributions at physiological and supraphysiological intraluminal pressures. The analyses for the loaded states were performed with stretch ratios with reference to a Riemannian stress-free configuration which is a 3D non-Euclidean manifold due to the nonzero Riemann curvature tensor. The experimental data obtained by other literature were used for the common carotid arteries to analyse the stretch and stress distributions in the arterial wall although kinematics is different from the literature. The stretches and stresses were calculated for the unloaded state, i.e. the residual stretches and stresses. And those at the axial stretch ratio 1.1 with reference to the unloaded state were calculated at the intraluminal pressures 16, 50, and 100 kPa. The stresses increased from the inner surface to the outer surface at all pressures analysed. These results suggest that in the human arteries the mechanical loads are mainly supported with the adventitia even though the media and intima play an important role to control of physiological functions.