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Exophiala dermatitidis. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The text discusses a genus of black yeasts known for causing rare but chronic fungal infections, particularly affecting both immunocompromised and healthy individuals, yet little is known about their infection mechanisms and host response.
  • - Common manifestations of these infections include skin problems and deep pulmonary infections from inhalation, which can lead to more severe systemic issues.
  • - Effective treatment remains challenging due to limited antifungal options and poor antibiofilm activity; thus, aggressive combination therapies, including surgery and advanced antifungal agents, are often required for successful management.

Article Abstract

is a genus comprising several species of opportunistic black yeasts, which belongs to Ascomycotina. It is a rare cause of fungal infections. However, infections are often chronic and recalcitrant, and while the number of cases is steadily increasing in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent people, detailed knowledge remains scarce regarding infection mechanisms, virulence factors, specific predisposing factors, risk factors, and host response. The most common manifestations of infection are skin infections, and the most frequent type of deep infection is pulmonary infection due to inhalation. The invasive disease ranges from cutaneous or subcutaneous infection to systemic dissemination to internal organs. The final identification of the causative organism should be achieved through a combination of several methods, including the newly introduced diagnostic analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, together with sequencing of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid internal transcribed spacer region of the fungi, and histological and culture findings. Regarding treatment, because anti-infective agents and natural compounds exhibited poor antibiofilm activity, few treatments have ultimately been found to be effective for specific antifungal therapy, so the optimal antifungal therapy and duration of therapy for these infections remain unknown. Therefore, most forms of disease caused by require aggressive combination therapies: Both surgical intervention and aggressive antifungal therapy with novel compounds and azoles are necessary for effective treatment.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8462220PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i27.7963DOI Listing

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