The microbolometer is the cornerstone device for imaging in the long-wavelength infrared range (LWIR) at room temperature. The state-of-the-art commercial microbolometers usually have a large thermal time constant (TTC) of over 10 ms, limited by their substantial device heat capacity. Moreover, the minimal pixel size of state-of-the-art bolometer is around 10 μm by 10 μm to ensure sufficient power absorption per pixel. Here, we demonstrate an ultrafast silicon nanomembrane microbolometer with a small heat capacity of around 1.9 × 10J/K, which allows for its operation at a speed of over 10 kHz, corresponding to a TTC of less than 16 μs. Moreover, a compact diabolo antenna is leveraged for efficient LWIR light absorption, enabling the downscaling of the active area size to 6.2 μm by 6.2 μm. Because of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible fabrication processes, our demonstration here may lead to a future high-resolution and high-speed LWIR imaging solution.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02972 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
Nanoconfinement at the interface of heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts offers promising avenues for advancing oxidation processes in water purification. Herein, we introduce a template-free strategy for synthesizing nanoconfined catalysts from municipal sludge (S-NCCs), specifically engineered to optimize reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and utilization for rapid pollutant degradation. Using selective hydrofluoric acid corrosion, we create an architecture that confines atomically dispersed Fe centers within a micro-mesoporous carbon matrix in situ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
January 2025
Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
Ultrafast near-field optical nanoscopy has emerged as a powerful platform to characterize low-dimensional materials. While analytical and numerical models have been established to account for photoexcited carrier dynamics, quantitative evaluation of the associated pulsed laser heating remains elusive. Here, we decouple the photocarrier density and temperature increase in near-field nanoscopy by integrating the two-temperature model (TTM) with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132, Kassel, Germany.
The ultrafast ionic dynamics in solids induced by intense femtosecond laser excitation are controlled by two fundamentally different yet interrelated phenomena. First, the substantial generation of hot electron-hole pairs by the laser pulse modifies the interatomic bonding strength and characteristics, inducing nonthermal ionic motion. Second, incoherent electron-ion collisions facilitate thermal equilibration between electrons and ions, achieving a uniform temperature on a picosecond timescale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Reservoir computing (RC) is a powerful machine learning algorithm for information processing. Despite numerous optical implementations, its speed and scalability remain limited by the need to establish recurrent connections and achieve efficient optical nonlinearities. This work proposes a streamlined photonic RC design based on a new paradigm, called next-generation RC, which overcomes these limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Engineering Science and Mechanics, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Incipient ferroelectricity bridges traditional dielectrics and true ferroelectrics, enabling advanced electronic and memory devices. Firstly, we report incipient ferroelectricity in freestanding SrTiO nanomembranes integrated with monolayer MoS to create multifunctional devices, demonstrating stable ferroelectric order at low temperatures for cryogenic memory devices. Our observation includes ultra-fast polarization switching (~10 ns), low switching voltage (<6 V), over 10 years of nonvolatile retention, 100,000 endurance cycles, and 32 conductance states (5-bit memory) in SrTiO-gated MoS transistors at 15 K and up to 100 K.
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