The link between parental socio-economic status (SES) and the likelihood of having a birth in cohabitation or in marriage varies considerably across countries. Previous studies have referred to the pattern of disadvantage perspective and the second demographic transition theory to explain this cross-national variation. Yet no study has directly tested the explanatory power of both theories in this context. In the current study, hypotheses are formulated about the influence of economic inequality and norms regarding family formation on this relationship. The hypotheses are tested in 19 European and North American countries, using data of the Generations and Gender Survey and four other datasets. The analyses show that in societies that have more traditional family formation norms, women with lower parental SES are more likely to have a birth in cohabitation whereas such differences are not found in less traditional societies. The influence of economic inequality is less clear-cut.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psp.2434 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Popul
January 2025
University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
The association between parental separation and children's education has been widely studied, but mainly at a single time point and for marital dissolution only. We examine whether the (generally negative) association has changed across cohorts for several educational outcomes and whether the association differs by parental union type (marriage, cohabitation) and socioeconomic family background (parental education).We use Finnish total population register data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gynaecol Obstet
January 2025
Population Services International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Objective: This study sought to estimate population level prevalence of infertility and explored whether time to pregnancy is related to selected factors.
Methods: This study's analysis was based on data collected from 2081 women who were sampled from participants of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey based on risk of pregnancy criteria: age between 15 and 49 years, currently married or cohabitating, sexually active, not used contraception method during the 5 years before interview, not menopausal, and not pregnant. We used a current duration (CD) approach in which for each woman we calculated the length of time-at-risk of pregnancy (CD value) in months.
Int Breastfeed J
January 2025
Department of Indigenous Health, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Background: Marriage promotes breastfeeding duration through economic and social supports. The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected marginalized communities and impacted women's employment and interpersonal dynamics. This study examined how marriage affects breastfeeding duration across socioeconomic and racially minoritized groups during COVID-19, aiming to inform social support strategies for vulnerable families in public health crises.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
December 2024
The National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan.
This study aimed to evaluate the association between family structure and healthy life expectancy among older Japanese adults, hypothesizing that social participation increases healthy life expectancy more in older men without a spouse than in older women. This study collected data on Healthy Life Expectancy from 541 older adults between 2003 and 2021 from the Healthy Life Expectancy Study, a cohort study of older adults in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. The Japanese long-term care insurance system serves as an indicator of a healthy life expectancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient Educ Couns
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
Objective: Evaluate the effect of fathers' participation in the Preemie Prep for Parents (P3) program on maternal learning and fathers' preterm birth knowledge.
Methods: Mothers with preterm birth predisposing medical condition(s) enrolled with or without the baby's father and were randomized to the P3 intervention (text-messages linking to animated videos) or control (patient education webpages). Parent Prematurity Knowledge Questionnaire assessed knowledge, including unmarried fathers' legal neonatal decision-making ability.
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