AI Article Synopsis
- Exposure to stressful environments, like a year in Antarctica, can weaken the immune system and reactivate dormant viruses, though the exact reasons for this are still unclear.
- RNA sequencing of blood samples from 8 male participants showed lasting effects on immune functions, with significant inactivity in processes like chemotaxis and leukocyte recruitment even after returning home.
- Key antiviral genes, especially interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), were downregulated, indicating that the immune response to viruses was impaired during and after the stressful period.
Article Abstract
Exposure to stressful environments weakens immunity evidenced by a detectable reactivation of dormant viruses. The mechanism behind this observation remains unclear. We performed next generation sequencing from RNA extracted from blood samples of 8 male subjects collected before, during and after a 12-month stay at the Antarctic station Concordia. RNA-seq data analysis was done using QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. Data revealed the inactivation of key immune functions such as chemotaxis and leukocyte recruitment which persisted after return. Next to the activation of the stress response eIF2 pathway, interferon signaling was predicted inactivated due to a downregulation of 14 downstream genes involved in antiviral immunity. Among them, the interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) IFITM2 and 3 as well as IFIT3 exhibited the strongest fold changes and IFIT3 remained downregulated even after return. Impairment of antiviral immunity in winter-over crew can be explained by the downregulation of a battery of ISGs.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8474453 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100145 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
USP5 inhibits anti-RNA viral innate immunity by deconjugating K48-linked unanchored and K63-linked anchored ubiquitin on IRF3.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, China.
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a central hub transcription factor that controls host antiviral innate immunity. The expression and function of IRF3 are tightly regulated by the post-translational modifications. However, it is unknown whether unanchored ubiquitination and deubiquitination of IRF3 involve modulating antiviral innate immunity against RNA viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunomodulatory peptides: new therapeutic horizons for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
Front Microbiol
December 2024
School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology SBST, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
The emergence and re-emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) infectious diseases have once again posed a significant global health challenge, largely attributed to the development of bacterial resistance to conventional anti-microbial treatments. To mitigate the risk of drug resistance globally, both antibiotics and immunotherapy are essential. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also referred to as host defense peptides (HDPs), present a promising therapeutic alternative for treating drug-resistant infections due to their various mechanisms of action, which encompass antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubgroup specific transcriptional regulation of salmonid non-classical MHC class I L lineage genes following viral challenges and interferon stimulations.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Non-classical MHC class I genes which, compared to classical MHC class I, are typically less polymorphic and have more restricted expression patterns are attracting interest because of their potential to regulate immune responses to various pathogens. In salmonids, among the numerous non-classical MHC class I genes identified to date, L lineage genes, including Sasa- and , are differentially induced in response to microbial challenges. In the present study, we show that while transcription of both and are induced in response to SAV3 infection the transcriptional induction patterns are distinct for each gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe endocannabinoid anandamide prevents TH17 programming of activated T lymphocytes while preserving TH1 responses.
Front Pharmacol
December 2024
Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
Introduction: Anandamide (AEA) is an endocannabinoid that has recently been recognized as a regulator of various inflammatory diseases as well as cancer. While AEA was thought to predominantly engage cannabinoid (CB) receptors, recent findings suggest that, given its protective anti-inflammatory role in pathological conditions, anandamide may engage not only CB receptors.
Methods: In this study, we studied the role of exogenous AEA in a mouse AirPouch model of acute inflammation by examining immune cell infiltrates by flow cytometry.
To cleave or not and how? The DNA exonucleases and endonucleases in immunity.
Genes Dis
March 2025
Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing 101149, China.
DNA exonucleases and endonucleases are key executors of the genome during many physiological processes. They generate double-stranded DNA by cleaving damaged endogenous or exogenous DNA, triggering the activation of the innate immune pathways such as cGAS-STING-IFN, and enabling the body to produce anti-viral or anti-tumor immune responses. This is of great significance for maintaining the stability of the genome and improving the therapeutic efficacy of tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!