The use of previous crops as sustainable and eco-friendly management to fight in sesame plants.

Sesame ( L.), the "Queen of oil seeds" is being infected with pathogens, , fungi, bacteria, virus and nematodes. sp. (Zap.), is one of the fiercest pathogens causing severe economic losses on sesame. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of the cultivation of some preceding crops and seed inoculation with antagonistic predominant rhizospheric bacteria and actinomycetes on the incidence and development of damping-off and wilt disease. Results showed that the lowest pre and/or post-emergence damping-off and wilt of sesame were recorded after onion and garlic, followed by wheat compared to clover in both the 2019 and 2020 seasons. , soil extracts from plots where onion and garlic have been cultivated slightly decreased the conidia germination and mycelium radial growth of . The numbers of sesame rhizospheric and fungi were lower after the cultivation of onion and garlic than those after wheat and clover. However, the numbers of actinomycetes and bacteria were higher in the onion, garlic, and clover rhizosphere than wheat. Among all isolated bacteria and actinomycetes associated with sesame roots cultivated after preceding plants, the and (isolate No.3) profoundly reduce mycelial growth . When sesame seeds were inoculated with and the disease incidence of damping-off and wilt significantly decreased in the greenhouse and field trials conducted in both tested growing seasons, also had highly significant on plant health and growth parameters. Therefore, the current study suggested that using the preceding onion and garlic plants could be used for eco-friendly reduction of damping-off and wilt disease of sesame.