Adapted systemic inflammation score as a novel prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Background: The adapted systemic inflammation score (aSIS), calculated from serum albumin and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, has been reported to be a novel prognostic marker for some types of cancers. However, the prognostic impact of aSIS in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the prognostic effects of aSIS in a large cohort of 509 ESCC patients.

Methods: Preoperative aSIS was retrospectively calculated for 509 ESCC patients who underwent curative resection. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (t-ROC) curves were used for comparing the prognostic impact.

Results: Patients with high aSIS showed significantly poorer overall survival (OS) than patients with low aSIS (log rank  < .001). The multivariate analysis revealed that aSIS was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (multivariate hazard ratio 1.76; 95% confidence interval 1.13-2.75;  = .013). The t-ROC analysis showed that aSIS was more sensitive than other nutritional prognostic factors (controlling for nutritional status, systemic inflammation score, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio).

Conclusion: Preoperative aSIS may be a useful prognostic biomarker in ESCC patients who underwent curative resection.