Containment of acute infection is dependent on an efficient interferon gamma response. However, the earliest steps of immune response initiation immediately following exposure to the parasite have not been previously characterized in pigs. Murine and human myeloid cells produce large quantities of interleukin (IL)-12 during early infection. We therefore examined IL-12 expression by porcine peripheral blood monocytes and dendritic cell (DC) subsets following toll-like receptor (TLR) ligation and controlled tachyzoite infection. We detected IL-12p40 expression by porcine plasmacytoid DC, but not conventional or monocyte-derived DC following TLR ligation. Unexpectedly, we also observed considerable IL-12p40 production by porcine CD3- NKp46+ cells-a classical natural killer cell phenotype-following TLR ligation. However, in response to exposure, no IL-12 production was observed by either DC or CD3- NKp46+ cells. Despite this, IL-18 production by DC-enriched peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected following live tachyzoite exposure. Only combined stimulation of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells with recombinant IL-12p70 and IL-18 induced innate interferon gamma production by natural killer cells, while T cells and myeloid cells did not respond. Therefore, porcine CD3- NKp46+ cells serve as important IL-12 producers following TLR ligation, while IL-18 likely plays a prominent role in early immune response initiation in the pig following infection.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8471494 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091828 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Anti-allodynic effect of intrathecal antibodies against macrophage-inducible C-type lectin in spinal nerve ligation model in rat.
Heliyon
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.
Introduction: Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) has emerged as a potential contributor to neuropathic pain induction and neuroinflammatory responses within the spinal cord. Moreover, evidence suggests a close association between toll-like receptor (TLR) and Mincle expression in myeloid cells. This study evaluated the effectiveness of Mincle antibodies in neuropathic pain and identified the epitope of these antibodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClemastine mitigates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in rats; the role of α-Klotho/TLR-4/MYD-88/NF-κB/ Caspase-3/ p-P38 MAPK signaling pathways.
Arch Biochem Biophys
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt. Electronic address:
Sepsis is a fatal condition, with an annual incidence of more than 48 million cases as well as 11 million deaths resulting from it. Moreover, sepsis continues to rank as the fifth most prevalent cause of mortality globally. The objective of this study is to investigate if Clemastine (CLM) pretreatment protects against acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) via modulating Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD-88), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Bcl-2-associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and caspase-3 signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic effect of recombinant Echinococcus granulosus antigen B subunit 2 protein on sepsis in a mouse model.
Parasit Vectors
November 2024
First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233000, China.
Article Synopsis
- Sepsis is a serious condition that can be life-threatening, and this study investigates the effect of a protein called EgAgB, derived from a tapeworm, on sepsis outcomes in mice.
- Researchers induced sepsis in mice and injected them with a recombinant version of the EgAgB protein, observing changes in survival rates, inflammation markers, and organ damage.
- The results showed that rEgAgB treatment significantly improved survival rates and reduced inflammation in crucial organs, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in managing sepsis.
Designing novel multiepitope mRNA vaccine targeting Hendra virus (HeV): An integrative approach utilizing immunoinformatics, reverse vaccinology, and molecular dynamics simulation.
PLoS One
October 2024
Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on designing a vaccine for the Hendra virus (HeV) using computational techniques on its glycoprotein, fusion protein, and matrix protein to identify immune system targets.
- Multi-epitope constructs were created to enhance immunogenicity and longevity, with promising results showing coverage for a large percentage of T-cell responses globally.
- The vaccine showed strong structural stability and binding affinity with immune receptors, indicating potential effectiveness, but still requires further research to confirm its safety and efficacy.
Extracellular vesicles in sepsis plasma mediate neuronal inflammation in the brain through miRNAs and innate immune signaling.
J Neuroinflammation
October 2024
Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Neuroinflammation is important in a brain problem linked to sepsis, which is a serious body infection.
- Researchers studied tiny particles from the blood of sick mice to see how they affect inflammation in brain cells.
- They found that these particles can cause brain cells to release substances that might lead to cell death but not directly affect cell injury in tests done in a dish.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!