is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that causes a range of serious infections that are often challenging to treat, as this pathogen can express multiple resistance mechanisms, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes. Ceftazidime-avibactam is a combination antimicrobial agent comprising ceftazidime, a third-generation semisynthetic cephalosporin, and avibactam, a novel non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor. This review explores the potential role of ceftazidime-avibactam for the treatment of infections. Ceftazidime-avibactam has good in vitro activity against relative to comparator β-lactam agents and fluoroquinolones, comparable to amikacin and ceftolozane-tazobactam. In Phase 3 clinical trials, ceftazidime-avibactam has generally demonstrated similar clinical and microbiological outcomes to comparators in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections, complicated urinary tract infections or hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by . Although real-world data are limited, favourable outcomes with ceftazidime-avibactam treatment have been reported in some patients with MDR and XDR infections. Thus, ceftazidime-avibactam may have a potentially important role in the management of serious and complicated infections, including those caused by MDR and XDR strains.
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