AI Article Synopsis
- Bone development is influenced by various growth factors, including transforming growth factor-beta and bone morphogenetic protein, which are critical for effective bone repair.
- The complexity of these factors' expressions during bone formation suggests that using just one therapeutic agent is not effective for bone healing.
- A dual delivery approach, which combines multiple agents, has shown promise in enhancing bone regeneration by targeting different pathways and improving the overall efficiency of bone healing.
Article Abstract
Bone development is a complex process involving a vast number of growth factors and chemical substances. These factors include transforming growth factor-beta, platelet-derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and most importantly, the bone morphogenetic protein, which exhibits excellent therapeutic value in bone repair. However, the spatial-temporal relationship in the expression of these factors during bone formation makes the bone repair a more complicated process to address. Thus, using a single therapeutic agent to address bone formation does not seem to provide a clinically effective option. Conversely, a dual delivery approach facilitating the co-delivery of agents has proved to be a dynamic alternative since such a strategy can provide more efficient spatial-temporal action. Such delivery systems can smartly target more than one pathway or differentiation lineage and thus offer more efficient bone regeneration. This review discusses various dual delivery strategies reported in the literature employed to achieve improved bone regeneration. These include concurrent use of different therapeutic agents (including growth factors and drugs), enhancing bone formation and cell recruitment, and improving the efficiency of bone healing.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.029 | DOI Listing |
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