Artificial intelligence (AI) ethics is a field that has emerged as a response to the growing concern regarding the impact of AI. It can be read as a nascent field and as a subset of the wider field of digital ethics, which addresses concerns raised by the development and deployment of new digital technologies, such as AI, big data analytics, and blockchain technologies. The principle aim of this article is to provide a high-level conceptual discussion of the field by way of introducing basic concepts and sketching approaches and central themes in AI ethics. The first part introduces concepts by noting what is being referred to by "AI" and "ethics", etc.; the second part explores some predecessors to AI ethics, namely engineering ethics, philosophy of technology, and science and technology studies; the third part discusses three current approaches to AI ethics namely, principles, processes, and ethical consciousness; and finally, the fourth part discusses central themes in translating ethics in to engineering practice. We conclude by summarizing and noting the inherent interdisciplinary future directions and debates in AI ethics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patter.2021.100314 | DOI Listing |
Glob Health Res Policy
January 2025
Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Peking University, Haidian District, 38Th Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
Background: As population aging intensifies, it becomes increasingly important to elucidate the casual relationship between aging and changes in population health. Therefore, our study proposed to develop a systematic attribution framework to comprehensively evaluate the health impacts of population aging.
Methods: We used health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) to measure quality of life and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) to quantify the burden of disease for the population of Guangzhou.
Pilot Feasibility Stud
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine - Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, West Hospital 8th Floor, North Wing, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
Background: To determine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 6-month tailored non-linear progressive physical activity intervention (PAI) for lymphoma patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with lymphoma (non-Hodgkin (NHL) or Hodgkin (HL)) were randomized into the PAI or healthy living intervention (HLI) control (2:1). Feasibility was assessed by examining accrual, adherence, and retention rates.
Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Background: Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are both effective in treating borderline personality disorder (BPD). Impulsivity and impaired decision-making are prominent features of BPD, and therapeutic interventions targeting these symptoms could lead to significant improvements.
Objective/hypothesis: We hypothesized that intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a modified rTMS protocol that targets the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, would enhance the therapeutic effects of DBT, leading to greater improvements in impulsivity and decision-making compared with sham stimulation.
Hum Genomics
January 2025
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.
Background: The molecular genetic diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is very challenging due to the high homology between the CYP21A2 gene and its pseudogene CYP21A1P.
Methodology: This study aims to assess the clinical efficacy of targeted long-read sequencing (T-LRS) by comparing it with a control method based on the combined assay (NGS, Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and Sanger sequencing) and to introduce T-LRS as a first-tier diagnostic test for suspected CAH patients to improve the precise diagnosis of CAH.
Results: A large cohort of 562 participants including 322 probands and 240 family members was enrolled for the perspective (96 probands) and prospective study (226 probands).
Addict Sci Clin Pract
January 2025
Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA.
Background: Opioid-related fatal overdoses are occurring at historically high levels and increasing each year. Accessible social and financial support are imperative to the initiation and success of treatment for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) offer effective treatment but there are many more people with untreated OUD than receiving evidence-based medication.
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