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The Ability of Zika virus Intravenous Immunoglobulin to Protect From or Enhance Zika Virus Disease. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Dengue and Zika viruses cause serious diseases worldwide, and their relatedness can lead to complex immune responses that either protect against or worsen infections.
  • Researchers studied the effects of different types of intravenous hyperimmunoglobulin (IVIG) on mouse models infected with these viruses to better understand how antibodies can either neutralize or enhance disease severity.
  • The findings highlight the intricate relationship between polyclonal antibodies and flavivirus infections, paving the way for improved antibody therapies and the design of future vaccines against these viruses.

Article Abstract

The closely related flaviviruses, dengue and Zika, cause significant human disease throughout the world. While cross-reactive antibodies have been demonstrated to have the capacity to potentiate disease or mediate protection during flavivirus infection, the mechanisms responsible for this dichotomy are still poorly understood. To understand how the human polyclonal antibody response can protect against, and potentiate the disease in the context of dengue and Zika virus infection we used intravenous hyperimmunoglobulin (IVIG) preparations in a mouse model of the disease. Three IVIGs (ZIKV-IG, Control-Ig and Gamunex) were evaluated for their ability to neutralize and/or enhance Zika, dengue 2 and 3 viruses . The balance between virus neutralization and enhancement provided by the neutralization data was used to predict the IVIG concentrations which could protect or enhance Zika, and dengue 2 disease . Using this approach, we were able to define the unique dynamics of complex polyclonal antibodies, allowing for both enhancement and protection from flavivirus infection. Our results provide a novel understanding of how polyclonal antibodies interact with viruses with implications for the use of polyclonal antibody therapeutics and the development and evaluation of the next generation flavivirus vaccines.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8450494PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.717425DOI Listing

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