China is now the world's largest source of bilateral development finance and will likely continue to play a prominent role in sovereign lending through its multi-billion-dollar Belt and Road Initiative. This paper introduces major methodological enhancements in tracking this finance: the use of an original application programming interface (API) to gathers news in multiple languages; double-verification of every record to ensure every finance commitment has been formalized; and visual geo-location to trace the precise footprint of every project. The resulting dataset enables economic, environmental, and social analyses with high-precision spatial accuracy, as well as spatiotemporal monitoring by project stakeholders and enhanced planning by project managers. It covers the years 2008-2019 to enable analysis before and after the announcement of the Belt and Road Initiative. It includes 862 finance commitments, 669 of which have geographic location, to 94 countries across the world.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8452632 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-01021-7 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Stabilizing effect of HP-β-CD on infliximab in liquid formulations and a solid formulation produced by electrospinning.
Eur J Pharm Sci
January 2025
Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary. Electronic address:
The development of stable biopharmaceutical formulations, such as monoclonal antibodies, poses a great challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. This study investigated the stabilizing effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in liquid and solid formulations of infliximab during processing and storage. The solid formulation was produced by a scaled-up high-speed electrospinning method, resulting in a product suitable for reconstitution with excellent dissolution properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan ecosystem services supply match local residents' perception: Linking macro-ESs and micro-individual perceptions in the Yellow River Basin.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
Management Science Institute, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
Residents' satisfaction perceptions of ecosystem services (ESs) are essential for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin (YRB). Existing studies lacks large-scale survey of local residents' satisfaction perception at urban scale within river basins, and has not effectively explored the matching relationship between the ESs supply and the perceptions of local residents. To address this gap, this study develops a database on nine ESs supply and individual perceptions of the YRB, constructs a comprehensive framework to quantify the matching of ESs supply and local residents' satisfaction perceptions, and proposes targeted strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMangrove-based carbon market projects: What stakeholders need to address during pre-feasibility assessment.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
Ecoresolve, San Francisco, CA, USA; Earth Observation Centre, Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Malaysia; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah (AUS), P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Geography, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94709, USA. Electronic address:
Mangrove-based carbon market projects (MbCMP) aim to conserve, protect and restore mangrove habitats in order to generate high quality blue carbon credits via a crediting program, as a contribution to climate change mitigation/adaptation, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services provision and local socio-economic development. The blue carbon credits generated are transferable, verifiable and sold through carbon markets to earn additional income for governments and local communities. The main aim of the paper is to provide important considerations for pre-field planning, that is, how challenges associated with fieldwork, project implementation, and monitoring reporting and verification (MRV) can be addressed with proper pre-field planning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReform of economic evaluation of medicines in Spain: proposals from the Advisory Committee for Pharmaceutical Financing.
Gac Sanit
January 2025
Pharmacy Service, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Advisory Committee on the Financing of Pharmaceutical (CAPF), Spain.
This paper describes the reforms recommended by the Advisory Committee on the Financing of Pharmaceuticals (CAPF) for the National Health System (NHS) of Spain from 2019 to 2024 for the drug pricing and reimbursement process, to integrate economic evaluations and improve efficiency and sustainability. The CAPF has proposed a three-phase reform of the economic evaluation (EE) and budget impact analysis (BIA) processes. The first phase involves the mandatory submission of EE and BIA by applicants for new drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation between prophylactic antibiotics for endometrial biopsy and the incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease: A retrospective cohort study.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!