We report a case of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis in a 52-year-old woman due to ovarian cancer that was complicated by acute ischemic stroke through pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. Echocardiography showed tricuspid valve vegetation and a positive bubble study that revealed pulmonary arteriovenous malformation in the absence of patent foramen ovale. The patient opted for palliative management and was discharged home with comfort care.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17136 | DOI Listing |
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol
January 2025
Department of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-Be-University), Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, 411018, India.
J Cardiol Cases
October 2024
Pediatric Cardiology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", AORN "Ospedali dei Colli", Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.
Unlabelled: Right-to-left shunt may be a cause of paradoxical embolization (and cryptogenic cerebral ischemic events). Patent foramen ovale and pulmonary arterio-venous malformations are the most common cause of paradoxical embolization; however, some rare cardiovascular lesions may cause a right-to-left shunt with consequent paradoxical embolization. We describe a case of a young child with superior sinus venosus atrial septal defect who underwent surgical closure and developed a cryptogenic cerebral ischemic attack due to a rare cause of paradoxical embolization, during a long-term follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurol Belg
January 2025
Intensive Care Department, Cliniques Universitaire Saint-Luc (CUSL), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium.
Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), is a rare vascular disorder characterized by arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in various organs, including the lungs. Pulmonary AVMs (PAVMs) are especially worrisome due to their potential to form right-to-left shunts, resulting in life-threatening complications such as paradoxical embolism and stroke . We present a case of fatal air embolism in a young patient with a known history of HHT and recurring hemoptysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
February 2025
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a congenital vascular pathology, which is caused by the presence of a direct connection between the branches of the artery and the veins of the lungs, and the discharge of unoxygenated blood into the arterial bed. Arteriovenous malformations are characterized by a wide variety of clinical manifestations and, in some cases, may be accompanied with severe circulatory disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
October 2024
Laboratory of Stem Cell and Neuro-Vascular Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma has conventionally been believed to lack lymphatic vasculature, likely due to a non-permissive microenvironment that hinders the formation and growth of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Recent findings of ectopic expression of LEC markers including Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1), a master regulator of lymphatic differentiation, and the vascular permeability marker Plasmalemma Vesicle Associated Protein (PLVAP), in certain glioblastoma and brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), has prompted investigation into their roles in cerebrovascular malformations, tumor environments, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) abnormalities. To explore the relationship between ectopic LEC properties and BBB disruption, we utilized endothelial cell-specific overexpression mutants.
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