Gross morphological and morphometric study of the upper respiratory system of the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus, Waterhouse 1840). | LitMetric
The nose is a structurally and functionally complex organ in the upper respiratory tract. It not only serves as the principal organ for the sense of smell, but also functions to efficiently filter, warm, and humidify inhaled air before the air enters the more delicate distal tracheobronchial airways and alveolar parenchyma of the lungs. Despite the volume of published studies on the biology of rodents, there is no information on the gross upper respiratory morphology of the African giant rat (AGR) in the available literature. Hence, this study aimed to examine the anatomy of the turbinates, their meatuses, and the morphometry of the nasal cavity. The following were found and reported in this study: (a) There were three nasal conchae in AGR: the nasoturbinate, which was the largest; the ethmoturbinate, which was composed of one well-developed ectoturbinate and three well-developed endoturbinates; and the maxilloturbinate, which was fusiform, short, and branched. (b) Three major meatuses were observed: the dorsal nasal meatus, which was the longest and widest; the middle nasal meatus, which was without limbs but had a deep oval caudal recess; and the ventral nasal meatus, which directly continued caudally into the nasopharyngeal meatus. (c) Four ethmoturbinates with four slit-like meatuses were observed, each with dorsal and ventral limbs; the first contacted the middle nasal meatus but not the nasopharyngeal meatus. (d) There were three paranasal sinuses: one sphenoid, two frontal, and two palatine sinuses. The data obtained are relevant to pathologists and eco-morphologists, considering the burrowing habitat and behaviors of AGR, and provide baseline data for more investigative studies.
Purpose: To evaluate the role of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens, and Moraxella catarrhalis in the nasal and ocular surface flora, along with their metabolic activities in children with unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).
Methods: Swabs were taken from the bilateral inferior meatus and ocular surface of 26 children with unilateral CNLDO before probing. Nasal and ocular surface swabs from non-operated eyes of children who underwent unilateral blepharoptosis or strabismus surgery formed the control group.
Objectives: This review aims to evaluate the utility of nonmedicated middle meatal packing compared to no packing on synechia formation up to 12 weeks after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Methods: We conducted a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A literature search was performed on Medline (PubMed), EBSCO CINAHL plus, CENTRAL, and Clinicaltrials.
Concha bullosa is a common anatomical variation involving pneumatization of the middle turbinate. Although usually asymptomatic, a large concha bullosa can obstruct nasal airflow and cause related symptoms. Rhinoliths, calcified formations typically found in the inferior meatus, rarely appear within concha bullosa.
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Nasal hemangiomas typically appear in the front part of the nose but can occasionally develop in unusual areas, like the posterior inferior meatus, as evidenced by a case study.
A 79-year-old man experienced nosebleeds and nasal obstruction due to a cavernous hemangioma discovered during an endoscopic evaluation.
The hemangioma was surgically removed without complications, and no recurrence was noted after two years, suggesting that forceful nose blowing may trigger this rare condition.
Schwannoma is a rare mass that is benign. It develops from the Schwann cells found in the peripheral nerves. Schwannomas consists of spindle cells exhibiting two unique histological patterns, which may be combined: Antoni type A and type B.
