Ex vivo gene expression and miRNA profiling of Eomes Tr1-like cells suggested that they represent a differentiation stage that is intermediate between Th1-cells and cytotoxic CD4 T-cells. Several microRNAs were downregulated in Eomes Tr1-like cells that might inhibit Tr1-cell differentiation. In particular, miR-92a targeted Eomes, while miR-125a inhibited IFN-g and IL-10R expression.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.202149315 | DOI Listing |
Front Immunol
September 2024
Institut D'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.
Unlike conventional CD4+ T cells, which are phenotypically and functionally plastic, invariant NKT (iNKT) cells generally exist in a terminally differentiated state. Naïve CD4+ T cells can acquire alternative epigenetic states in response to different cues, but it remains unclear whether peripheral iNKT cells are epigenetically stable or malleable. Repetitive encounters of liver-resident iNKT cells (LiNKTs) with alpha-galactosylceramide (αGalCer)/CD1d-coated nanoparticles (NPs) can trigger their differentiation into a LiNKT cell subset expressing a T regulatory type 1 (TR1)-like (LiNKTR1) transcriptional signature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
July 2024
Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica E Inmunología (CIBICI, UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de La Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina.
J Autoimmun
April 2024
Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
In many autoimmune diseases, autoantigen-specific Th17 cells play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis. Th17 cells can transdifferentiate into other T cell subsets in inflammatory conditions, however, there have been no attempts to target Th17 cell plasticity using vaccines. We investigated if autoantigen-specific Th17 cells could be specifically targeted using a therapeutic vaccine approach, where antigen was formulated in all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-containing liposomes, permitting co-delivery of antigen and ATRA to the same target cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
January 2024
Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential for immune balance, preventing overreactive responses and autoimmunity. Although traditionally characterized as CD4+CD25+CD127FoxP3, recent research has revealed diverse Treg subsets such as Tr1, Tr1-like, and CD8 Treg. Treg dysfunction leads to severe autoimmune diseases and immune-mediated inflammatory disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
September 2024
Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
CD4 T cells were initially described as helper cells that promote either the cellular immune response (Th1 cells) or the humoral immune response (Th2 cells). Since then, a plethora of functionally distinct helper and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets have been described. CD4 T cells with cytotoxic function were first described in the setting of viral infections and autoimmunity, and more recently in cancer and gut dysbiosis.
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