AI Article Synopsis

  • Palm oil mill effluent is a major source of pollution in Malaysia, posing significant challenges for waste management and environmental protection.
  • Treated effluent often fails to meet surface water quality standards, leading to the need for improved treatment methods.
  • A constructed wetland system using Napier grass significantly reduced various pollutants, with notable decreases in chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and ammonia levels, while promoting diverse bacterial communities that aid in pollutant removal.

Article Abstract

The reason for such enormous efforts in palm oil mill effluent research would be what has been singled out as one of the major sources of pollution in Malaysia, and perhaps the most costly and complex waste to manage. Palm oil mill final discharge, which is the treated effluent, will usually be discharged to nearby land or river since it has been the least costly way to dispose of. Irrefutably, the quality level of the treated effluent does not always satisfy the surface water quality in conformity to physicochemical characteristics. To work on improving the treated effluent quality, a vertical surface-flow constructed wetland system was designed with Pennisetum purpureum (Napier grass) planted on the wetland floor. The system effectively reduced the level of chemical oxygen demand by 62.2 ± 14.3%, total suspended solid by 88.1 ± 13.3%, ammonia by 62.3 ± 24.8%, colour by 66.6 ± 13.19%, and tannin and lignin by 57.5 ± 22.3%. Heat map depicted bacterial diversity and relative abundance in life stages from the wetland soil, whereby bacterial community associated with the pollutant removal was found to be from the families Anaerolineaceae and Nitrosomonadaceae, and phyla Cyanobacteria and Acidobacteria.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8440592PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97789-0DOI Listing

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