Observation is a powerful way to learn efficient actions from others. However, the role of observers' motor skill in assessing efficiency of others is unknown. Preschoolers are notoriously poor at performing multi-step actions like grasping the handle of a tool. Preschoolers (N = 22) and adults (N = 22) watched video-recorded actors perform efficient and inefficient tool use. Eye tracking showed that preschoolers and adults looked equally long at the videos, but adults looked longer than children at how actors grasped the tool. Deep learning analyses of participants' eye gaze distinguished efficient from inefficient grasps for adults, but not for children. Moreover, only adults showed differential action-related pupil dilation and neural activity (suppressed oscillation power in the mu frequency) while observing efficient vs. inefficient grasps. Thus, children observe multi-step actions without "seeing" whether the initial step is efficient. Findings suggest that observer's own motor efficiency determines whether they can perceive action efficiency in others.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8438080 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97354-9 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Is counting a bad idea? Complex relations among children's fraction knowledge, eye movements, and performance in visual fraction comparisons.
J Exp Child Psychol
January 2025
Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Social Sciences and Technology, Department of Educational Sciences, Germany. Electronic address:
Understanding fraction magnitudes is crucial for mathematical development but is challenging for many children. Visualizations, such as tape diagrams, are thought to leverage children's early proportional reasoning skills. However, depending on children's prior knowledge, these visualizations may encourage various strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA scalable solar-driven photocatalytic system for separated H and O production from water.
Nat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Solar-driven photocatalytic water splitting offers a sustainable pathway to produce green hydrogen, yet its practical application encounters several challenges including inefficient photocatalysts, sluggish water oxidation, severe reverse reactions and the necessity of separating produced hydrogen and oxygen gases. Herein, we design and develop a photocatalytic system composed of two separate reaction parts: a hydrogen evolution cell containing halide perovskite photocatalysts (MoSe-loaded CH(NH)PbBrI) and an oxygen evolution cell containing NiFe-layered double hydroxide modified BiVO photocatalysts. These components are bridged by a I/I redox couple to facilitate electron transfer, realizing efficient overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeting TUT1 Depletes Tri-snRNP Pools to Suppress Splicing and Inhibit Pancreatic Cancer Cell Survival.
Cancer Res
January 2025
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly aggressive and lacks effective therapeutic options. Cancer cells frequently become more dependent on splicing factors than normal cells due to increased rates of transcription. Terminal uridylyltransferase 1 (TUT1) is a specific terminal uridylyltransferase for U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), which plays a catalytic role in the spliceosome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPollination efficiency and the evolution of sex allocation - diminishing returns matter.
New Phytol
January 2025
Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa.
Immobility of flowering plants requires them to engage pollen vectors to outcross, introducing considerable inefficiency in the conversion of pollen production into sired seeds. Whether inefficiencies influence the evolution of the relative resource allocation to female and male functions has been debated for more than 40 years. Whereas early models suggested no effect, negative interspecific relations of mean pollen production and pollen : ovule ratios to the proportion of removed pollen that is exported to stigmas (pollen-transfer efficiency) indicate otherwise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLimited impact of hepatitis A virus 3C protease-mediated cleavage on the functions of NEMO in human hepatocytes.
J Virol
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Section Virus-Host Interactions, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) is critically involved in the induction of interferons (IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) 3C protease was recently identified to cleave NEMO in non-hepatic cells. This study aimed at understanding efficiency and function of HAV 3C-mediated NEMO cleavage in hepatocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!