AI Article Synopsis

  • Aegilops tauschii is crucial as the donor of the D subgenome for hexaploid wheat and has a new reference-quality genome sequence (Aet v5.0) that enhances its use in wheat research and breeding.
  • Improvements to the genome included closing 38,899 gaps using advanced sequencing techniques, which resulted in the updating and reannotation of protein-coding genes and transposable elements.
  • The new assembly features the annotation of important genes related to plant features and disease resistance, revealing specific patterns of gene distribution on chromosomes that can inform future breeding programs.

Article Abstract

Aegilops tauschii is the donor of the D subgenome of hexaploid wheat and an important genetic resource. The reference-quality genome sequence Aet v4.0 for Ae. tauschii acc. AL8/78 was therefore an important milestone for wheat biology and breeding. Further advances in sequencing acc. AL8/78 and release of the Aet v5.0 sequence assembly are reported here. Two new optical maps were constructed and used in the revision of pseudomolecules. Gaps were closed with Pacific Biosciences long-read contigs, decreasing the gap number by 38,899. Transposable elements and protein-coding genes were reannotated. The number of annotated high-confidence genes was reduced from 39,635 in Aet v4.0 to 32,885 in Aet v5.0. A total of 2245 biologically important genes, including those affecting plant phenology, grain quality, and tolerance of abiotic stresses in wheat, was manually annotated and disease-resistance genes were annotated by a dedicated pipeline. Disease-resistance genes encoding nucleotide-binding site domains, receptor-like protein kinases, and receptor-like proteins were preferentially located in distal chromosome regions, whereas those encoding transmembrane coiled-coil proteins were dispersed more evenly along the chromosomes. Discovery, annotation, and expression analyses of microRNA (miRNA) precursors, mature miRNAs, and phasiRNAs are reported, including miRNA target genes. Other small RNAs, such as hc-siRNAs and tRFs, were characterized. These advances enhance the utility of the Ae. tauschii genome sequence for wheat genetics, biotechnology, and breeding.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8664484PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/g3journal/jkab325DOI Listing

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