AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a long history in human infectious diseases. HBV infection can progress chronically, leading to cancer. After introduction of a vaccine, the overall incidence rate of HBV infection has decreased, although it remains a health problem in many countries.
Purpose: The aim of this review was to summarise current diagnostic efforts for HBV infection and future HBV diagnosis perspectives.
Methods: We reviewed and summarised current laboratory diagnosis related with HBV infection in clinical practice.
Results: There have been various serologic- and molecular-based methods to diagnose acute or chronic HBV infection. Since intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNAs (cccDNAs) function as robust HBV replication templates, cure of chronic HBV infection is limited. Recently, new biomarkers such as hepatitis B virus core-related antigen (HBcrAg) and HBV RNA have emerged that appear to reflect intrahepatic cccDNA status. These new biomarkers should be validated before clinical usage.
Conclusion: An effective diagnostic approach and current updated knowledge of treatment response monitoring are important for HBV infection management. Brand new ultrasensitive and accurate immunologic methods may pave the way to manage HBV infection in parallel with immunotherapy era.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14812 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A Sleeping Giant: Late HBV Reactivation After Rituximab-Based Chemotherapy Despite Correct Prophylaxis.
Int Med Case Rep J
December 2024
Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a recognized complication of long-term immunosuppressive or cytotoxic therapy, typically occurring during immunosuppression or within a few months after treatment. To mitigate this risk, hepatological societies recommend the use of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) for HBV reactivation prophylaxis, along with post-treatment monitoring; though, these recommendations are not universally consistent across different guidelines. We present a case of late HBV reactivation in a 76-year-old male with occult HBV infection who received rituximab-based therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEtiology and Prognostic Criteria for Liver Failure in Southeast China: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Between 2018 and 2020.
Gastroenterol Res Pract
December 2024
Clinical Medical Research Center, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, China.
The prognosis of patients with liver failure (LF) depends significantly on the etiology and clinical indicators. This analysis of these basic indicators can help provide a basis for the study of predictive outcome indicators. We collected the data from multiple centers in Southeast China, including subclasses of acute liver failure (ALF), subacute liver failure (SLF), acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), subacute-on-chronic liver failure (SALF), and chronic liver failure (CLF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReview of Albanian studies suggests the need for further efforts to counteract significant hepatitis B virus prevalence.
World J Virol
December 2024
Department of Hepatology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy.
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is categorized as one of the smallest enveloped DNA viruses and is the prototypical virus of the Hepatoviridae family. It is usually transmitted through body fluids such as blood, semen, and vaginal secretions. The majority (more than 95%) of immunocompetent adults infected with HBV spontaneously clear the infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatocellular carcinoma: updates on epidemiology, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment.
Clin Mol Hepatol
December 2024
Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major global burden, ranking as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or C virus (HCV) infection has decreased due to universal vaccination for HBV and effective antiviral therapy for both HBV and HCV, but HCC related to metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is increasing. Biannual liver ultrasonography and serum α-fetoprotein are the primary surveillance tools for early HCC detection among high-risk patients (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLongitudinal profile of plasma pregenomic RNA in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection on long-term nucleoside analogues and its interaction with clinical parameters.
Clin Mol Hepatol
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong.
Background: Plasma pregenomic hepatitis B virus RNA (pgRNA) is a novel biomarker in chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB). We aimed to describe the longitudinal profile of pgRNA and factors influencing its levels in CHB patients on nucleoside analogue (NUC).
Methods: Serial plasma samples from 1354 CHB patients started on first-line NUC were evaluated.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!