Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in Cattle From Mexico: Current Status.

Front Vet Sci

Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.

Published: August 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a widespread infectious disease in cattle caused by bovine Pestiviruses, leading to economic losses in the cattle industry from respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive issues.
  • - BVD includes several viral species (BVDV-1, BVDV-2, and HoBi-like pestivirus) that show extensive genetic diversity, with more variation reported in Europe compared to the Americas.
  • - In Mexico, BVD has been present since 1975, with studies showing high seroprevalence among cattle, and recent research indicates the circulation of at least four subgenotypes (BVDV-1a, 1b, 1c, and 2a) across

Article Abstract

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is an infectious disease, globally-distributed, caused by bovine Pestiviruses, endemic of cattle and other ruminant populations. BVD leads to significant economic losses to the cattle industry due to the wide range of clinical manifestations, including respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases and reproductive disorders. Within the genus of the family viral species are associated with BVD; (Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, BVDV-1), (Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2, BVDV-2), (HoBi-like pestivirus, atypical ruminant pestivirus). These species are subdivided into subgenotypes based on phylogenetic analysis. The extensive genetic diversity of BVDV has been reported for several countries, where the incidence and genetic variation are more developed in Europe than in the Americas. The first report of BVDV in Mexico was in 1975; this study revealed seropositivity of 75% in cows with a clinical history of infertility, abortions, and respiratory disease. Other studies have demonstrated the presence of antibodies against BVDV with a seroprevalence ranging from 7.4 to 100%. Recently, endemic BVDV strains affecting cattle populations started to be analyzed, providing evidence of the BVDV diversity in several states of the country, revealing that at least four subgenotypes (BVDV-1a, 1b, 1c, and 2a) are circulating in animal populations in Mexico. Little information regarding BVD epidemiological current status in Mexico is available. This review summarizes available information regarding the prevalence and genetic diversity viruses associated with BVD in cattle from Mexico.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8414649PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.673577DOI Listing

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