Background: Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are inexpensive, easy to administer, and practical tools for dietary assessment in epidemiological studies. Several studies have investigated the validity and reproducibility of FFQs for the Iranian population. This systematic review aimed to assess the developed and validated FFQs for use in the Iranian population and compare their features and the validation studies in this regard.
Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, and Iranian databases without time constraints to retrieve the relevant English and non-English publications. Studies would be included if they were focused on the design and validation of FFQs in Iran.
Results: In total, 782 articles were found, 22 of which met the eligibility criteria and evaluated 18 FFQs. Validation studies had been conducted on 18 out of 20 FFQs. The median of the correlation coefficients for the comparison of the FFQ intakes and the dietary reference method by nutrients varied within the range of 0.19-0.65, indicating reasonable validity. The median of the correlation coefficients for the comparison of two FFQs by nutrients was 0.28-0.85, showing appropriate reproducibility. However, low validity was observed in some nutrients and food groups, such as egg, legumes, iron, folate, and α-tocopherol. In seven studies, biomarkers were used for the assessment of nutrient intake using an FFQ with the median correlation coefficient of -0.07-0.42. In addition, the quality of methodology was evaluated in the FFQ validation studies, with 18 out of 20 studies reporting good and excellent quality.
Conclusion: Although the FFQs used to assess the dietary intake of the Iranian population have different features, they have acceptable validity and reproducibility. Nevertheless, some food groups and nutrients have poor validity and must be considered attentively.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jrms.JRMS_652_20 | DOI Listing |
BMC Womens Health
December 2024
Department of Ahl Al-Bayt Studies, Faculty of Theology and Ahl Al-Bayt Studies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Background: The aim of the present study was to analyze the lived experiences of Iranian women living with their retired spouses in relation to their marital rights.
Methods: The research method was qualitative and descriptive phenomenology. The statistical population included women living with their retired spouses in the city of Isfahan, and the sample consisted of 15 women.
BMC Womens Health
December 2024
Midwifery and Reproductive Health Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Infertility as a distressing condition, is associated with numerous psychological and social consequences for couples. In addition, there is evidence to suggest that infertility may contribute to the occurrence of violence against women. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with violence against Iranian women with infertility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nematol
March 2024
Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
Molecular data should be combined with morphological data to enhance the reliability of phylogenetic and diagnostic studies on nematodes. In this study, the citrus nematode collected from citrus orchards in different localities in Fars province, southern Iran, was characterized using the partial sequencing of ITS rDNA, D2-D3 of 28S rDNA and COI mtDNA genes. We also morphometrically characterized the second-stage juveniles (J2) and male specimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nematol
March 2024
Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), S. S. Bari, Via G. Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy.
J Educ Health Promot
October 2024
Department of Nutrition, Khalkhal University of Medical Science, Khalkhal, Iran.
Background: Whether new anthropometric indicators are superior to conventional anthropometric indicators and whether they can better identify MetS in apparently healthy people needs further research. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the efficiency of novel indicators in predicting the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Iranian adult population.
Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 subjects were selected by clustered random sampling.
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