Biomedical waste generated during the diagnosis, isolation, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can also be the source of new infections; hence, it needs special consideration. Previous guidelines for the management of biomedical waste need to be revisited as the majority of COVID-19 patients remain asymptomatic and reside in community. Personal protective equipment (PPE) like masks, hazmat suits, gloves, and visors are now being used by the public also. Thus, the general household waste and disposables now make an exponential increase in the waste that can be considered an environmental hazard. In this article, the authors have tried to present the problems arising from COVID-19 waste and the recommendations put forth by competent authorities both nationally and internationally on COVID-19 waste management. Furthermore, in all the guidelines, it is crucial that the COVID-19 waste management follows environmentally sound principles and practices of biomedical waste management, with safe work and infection-control practices. Segregation of COVID-19 waste at source, awareness, and precautions at all steps of the waste-cycle are the only way ahead in this crisis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1729132 | DOI Listing |
Biomater Sci
January 2025
Department of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by almost all cell types and contain DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids and other metabolites. EVs were initially believed to be cellular waste but now recognized for their role in cell-to-cell communication. Later, EVs from immune cells were discovered to function similarly to their parent cells, paving the way for their use as gene and drug carriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharm Nanotechnol
January 2025
Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.
Metallic nanostructures play a vital role in technological advancement, providing exceptional performance and improved adaptability in comparison to their bulk equivalents. Conventional synthesis techniques frequently depend on dangerous reducing agents to transform metal ions into Nanoparticles (NPs), which presents considerable environmental and health issues. In contrast, the approach of green synthesis, which emphasizes the use of non-toxic reagents, has garnered significant interest as a sustainable method for the fabrication of Metallic Nanoparticles (MNPs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncol Res
January 2025
Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-387, Poland.
Angiogenesis, the expansion of pre-existing vascular networks, is crucial for normal organ growth and tissue repair, but is also involved in various pathologies, including inflammation, ischemia, diabetes, and cancer. In solid tumors, angiogenesis supports growth, nutrient delivery, waste removal, and metastasis. Tumors can induce angiogenesis through proangiogenic factors including VEGF, FGF-2, PDGF, angiopoietins, HGF, TNF, IL-6, SCF, tryptase, and chymase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCompr Rev Food Sci Food Saf
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, Manipur, India.
Pepper is an economically important crop grown worldwide for consumption as a vegetable and spice. Much waste, including crop plant waste, seeds, stalks, placenta, peels, and other processing byproducts, is generated by consumers during pepper crop production, processing, retail, and households. These peppers byproducts contain numerous bioactive compounds that can be used as ingredients for developing functional foods, nutraceuticals, and other food industries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Devchand College, Arjunnagar, Kolhapur, MH, 591237, India.
Acoustical properties are essential for understanding the molecular interactions in fluids, as they influence the physicochemical behavior of liquids and determine their suitability for diverse applications. This study investigated the acoustical parameters of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and Ag/rGO nanocomposite nanofluids at varying concentrations. Ag NPs and Ag/rGO nanocomposites were synthesized via a Bos taurus indicus (BTI) metabolic waste-assisted method and characterized using advanced techniques, including XRD, TEM, Raman, DLS, zeta potential, and XPS.
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