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Investigation and evaluation of gastrointestinal toxicity biomarkers in rats with different sites of gastrointestinal injury.
Food Chem Toxicol
January 2025
Translational Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 216 Totsuka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 244-8602, Japan.
There are few reliable biomarkers for gastrointestinal toxicity, and the further identification of such markers can improve the accuracy and speed of toxicological evaluations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of several recently proposed biomarkers-plasma citrulline, fecal calprotectin, fecal bile acid, and plasma miRNAs (miR-194 and -215)-in detecting intestinal toxicity. To this end, cysteamine hydrocholoride (cysteamine, 600 or 900 mg/kg, PO), indomethacin (10 mg/kg, PO), or 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid hydrate (DNBS, 20 mg/kg, IR) were administered to male Wistar rats to establish models of gastric/duodenal, jejunum/ileum, or colonic damage, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFormulated chitosan microspheres remodelled the altered gut microbiota and liver miRNA in diet-induced Type-2 diabetic rats.
Carbohydr Res
January 2025
Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India. Electronic address:
Chitosan was formulated into a microsphere and comprehensively characterized and evaluated for its anti-inflammatory potential and anti-diabetic properties against the high sugar fat diet-induced diabetic animals. The diabetic model was induced through feeding with a high-sugar fat diet. Metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug, and CMS (chitosan microspheres) were administered orally for 90 days as reversal strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpression profiles of circulating miRNAs in an endangered Piedmontese sheep breed during the estrus cycle.
Front Vet Sci
November 2024
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy.
Introduction: The preservation of locally endangered breeds is essential for maintaining ecosystem services that benefit both society and the environment. Reproductive fitness becomes a crucial consideration in this context. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a key role in post-transcriptional regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to investigate the structural properties of tobacco polysaccharide (TP) and its mechanism of modulating hyperlipidemia in high-fat diet-induced mice. The structural properties of TP were characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR, SEM, AFM and thermogravimetric analysis. And the regulatory mechanism of TP on lipid metabolism was investigated in hyperlipidemia mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConsumption of Fructooligosaccharides Influences the Action of Fecal MicroRNAs in Altering the Structure of Cultured Gut Microbiota in Mice.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)
October 2024
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University.
Fecal microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from intestinal epithelial cells have been suggested to influence gut microbiota homeostasis. We recently showed that supplementing murine fecal small RNAs, most likely miRNAs, alters the structure of cultured fecal microbiota in a sequence-dependent manner. The present study investigated the effect of consuming fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the action of fecal small RNAs in altering the structure of cultured fecal microbiota.
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