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Excessive Dynamic Airway Collapse After Entecavir Use in a Patient With Pegylated Interferon-Induced Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease and Entecavir Use to Prevent Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Upon Giving Rituximab.
Cureus
June 2024
Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK.
Pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFN-α) is an antiviral medication used to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. It may result in rare but severe side effects, such as undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD) and excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC), which can occur as delayed complications of PEG-IFN-α-induced UCTD. In cases where these complications arise, entecavir, employed for treating HBV infection, may be considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic vaccine-induced plasma cell differentiation is defective in the presence of persistently high HBsAg levels.
J Hepatol
May 2024
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Mechanisms behind the impaired response of antigen-specific B cells to therapeutic vaccination in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remain unclear. The development of vaccines or strategies to overcome this obstacle is vital for advancing the management of chronic hepatitis B.
Methods: A mouse model, denominated as E6F6-B, was engineered to feature a knock-in of a B-cell receptor (BCR) that specifically recognizes HBsAg.
Unraveling the Complexity of Atypical Serological Profiles in Chronic Hepatitis B: Insights Into Disease Dynamics and Clinical Implications.
Cureus
September 2023
Infectious Diseases, Health Sciences University Haydarpaşa Numune Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, TUR.
Introduction Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) continues to be a significant global public health problem. Conventional serological markers play a pivotal role in diagnosing and prognosticating CHB, but atypical serological profiles deviating from established norms pose challenges. Methods A cohort of 35 CHB patients who did not receive an antiviral treatment with atypical serological markers was followed for five years (2017-2022).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnd-of-treatment anti-HBs levels and HBeAg status identify durability of HBsAg loss after PEG-IFN discontinuation.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
March 2023
Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss, namely, the functional cure, can be achieved through the pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)-based therapy. However, it is an unignorable fact that a small proportion of patients who achieved functional cure develop HBsAg reversion (HRV) and the related factors are not well described.
Methods: A total of 112 patients who achieved PEG-IFN-induced HBsAg loss were recruited.
Post-Vaccination and Post-Infection Immunity to the Hepatitis B Virus and Circulation of Immune-Escape Variants in the Russian Federation 20 Years after the Start of Mass Vaccination.
Vaccines (Basel)
February 2023
Department of Socially Significant Viral Infections, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia.
Article Synopsis
- Russia initiated a neonatal vaccination against Hepatitis B (HBV) 20 years ago, followed by catch-up immunizations for those under 60 starting in 2006, and this study evaluates the immunity and infection rates across different regions.
- Testing of 36,149 volunteers revealed a low HBsAg detection rate of 0.8%, with 2.4% in the Republic of Dagestan, while vaccinated individuals showed less than 0.3% HBsAg detection but a 7.4% rate of ongoing HBV circulation among those under 20 years.
- Despite a stable prevalence of immune-escape HBsAg variants (around 25%), the wild-type HBV population significantly decreased in size
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