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An unexpected cause of chorea in an adolescent girl: systemic lupus erythematosus. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Involuntary movement disorders, particularly hyperkinetic ones like chorea, are uncommon in children, with Sydenham chorea often being the primary diagnosis.
  • A case study of an adolescent girl revealed that her chorea was linked to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), highlighted by joint issues and other physical symptoms.
  • The report emphasizes the critical role of detailed medical history and physical examination in differentiating between various causes of chorea in pediatric patients.

Article Abstract

Involuntary movement disorders are rare in childhood. Hyperkinetic movement disorders including chorea stand as the leading cause. Although Sydenham chorea is the major diagnosis in most children and adolescents, appropriate differential diagnosis is fundamental for a final decision. A detailed and careful history as well as physical examination is the principal proceeding for accurate diagnosis. Herein, we report on an adolescent girl who was admitted to our hospital with chorea and subsequently diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Accompanying joint complaints in the patient's history, including growth retardation noticed during a physical examination and bicytopenia recognized in laboratory evaluation, increased the suspicion of SLE rather than Sydenham chorea in the patient. Central nervous system involvement defined as neuropsychiatric lupus presents wide clinical findings varying from stroke and seizures to psychosis and cognitive dysfunction. Although disease activity, persistently positive anticardiolipin antibodies, and lupus anticoagulant positivity are reported to be the most important risk factors in neuropsychiatric lupus, they are not always directly correlated. We present this patient in order to draw attention to the importance of physical examination and history in the differential diagnosis of chorea in childhood.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00393-021-01070-8DOI Listing

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