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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mms.12806 | DOI Listing |
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Amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau screening in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) brains from Italy reveals distinct immunohistochemical patterns correlating with age and co-morbidity.
PLoS One
November 2024
Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro (Padova), Italy.
Cetacean brains are uniquely adapted to diving, but can be affected by diseases and exposure to toxins, triggering neurodegenerative processes that may cause stranding. Some species exhibit a significant post-reproductive lifespan (PRLS), increasing the likelihood of observing cumulative and age-related pathology. Immunohistochemistry against amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins is increasingly implemented to assess Alzheimer's Disease-like neuropathology in cetaceans, but comparisons between geographically distinct populations, animals of different age groups, sex, and with concomitant pathologies are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDemographic History and Adaptive Evolution of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in Western Australia.
Mol Ecol
November 2024
Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Demographic processes can substantially affect a species' response to changing ecological conditions, necessitating the combined consideration of genetic responses to environmental variables and neutral genetic variation. Using a seascape genomics approach combined with population demographic modelling, we explored the interplay of demographic and environmental factors that shaped the current population structure in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) along the Western Australian coastline. We combined large-scale environmental data gathered via remote sensing with RADseq genomic data from 133 individuals at 19 sampling sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiopulmonary adaptations of a diving marine mammal, the bottlenose dolphin: Physiology during anesthesia.
Physiol Rep
September 2024
Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Diving marine mammals are a diverse group of semi- to completely aquatic species. Some species are targets of conservation and rehabilitation efforts; other populations are permanently housed under human care and may contribute to clinical and biomedical investigations. Veterinary medical care for species under human care, at times, may necessitate the use of general anesthesia for diagnostic and surgical indications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunolocalization of Two Neurotrophins, NGF and BDNF, in the Pancreas of the South American Sea Lion and Bottlenose Dolphin .
Animals (Basel)
August 2024
School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
In this study, we have investigated the immunolocalization of NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) and BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) in the pancreas of two species of marine mammals: (common bottlenose dolphin), belonging to the order of the Artiodactyla, and (South American sea lion), belonging to the order of the Carnivora. Our results demonstrated a significant presence of NGF and BDNF in the pancreas of both species with a wide distribution pattern observed in the exocrine and endocrine components. We identified some differences that can be attributed to the different feeding habits of the two species, which possess a different morphological organization of the digestive system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary vascular adaptations to hypoxia in elite breath-hold divers.
Front Physiol
July 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Introduction: Elite breath-hold divers (BHD) possess several oxygen conserving adaptations to endure long dives similar to diving mammals. During dives, Bottlenose Dolphins may increase the alveolar ventilation (V) to perfusion (Q) ratio to increase alveolar oxygen delivery. We hypothesized that BHD possess similar adaptive mechanisms during apnea.
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