Characteristics and risk factors of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.

To systematically evaluate the risk factors of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD), and to provide theoretical basis for clinical medical staff to identify the risk factors of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with PD. From the establishment of the database to January 2021, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, other English database, were searched for literatures about the risk factors of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, after browsing the title, abstract and full text, the high-quality literature in line with the inclusion criteria was selected, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale（NOS）document quality evaluation tool was used to evaluate the literature quality and extract the data. The included research results were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 8 studies were included for Meta analysis. The results showed that 7 of the 20 related risk factors were statistically significant, and the statistically significant risk factors were duration of disease [Mean Difference (MD)= 0.59, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (0.04, 1.14), P < 0.005], age [MD = 2.01, 95%CI (-0.36, 3.34), P < 0.005], Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) score >2 [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.56, 95%CI (1.09, 2.23), P < 0.001], sleep disorder [OR = 1.79, 95%CI (1.36,2.35), P < 0.001], constipation [OR = 1.88, 95%CI (1.42,2.48), P < 0.001], unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS III) [MD= 4.43, 95%CI (2.20, 6.66), P < 0.001], Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) [MD = -1.16, 95%CI (1.23, -1.09), P < 0.001]. Age, duration of disease, H-Y score >2, sleep disorder, constipation, higher UPDRS Ⅲ score and lower MMSE score were the risk factors of lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease.