Phosphine (PH ) is widely used as an insecticide and rodenticide. On the contrary, many cases of PH poisoning have been reported worldwide. Unfortunately, there is no specific antidote against PH toxicity. Disruption of mitochondrial function and energy metabolism is a well-known mechanism of PH cytotoxicity. Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is an adenosine triphosphate supplying agent which significantly improves mitochondrial function. The current study was designed to evaluate DHA's effect on inhalational PH poisoning in an animal model. DHA was injected into BALB/c mice before and/or after the start of the PH inhalation. The cytochrome c oxidase activity was assessed in the animals' brain, heart, and liver exposed to PH (for 15, 30, and 60 min, with and without the antidote). The LC of PH was calculated to be 18.02 (15.42-20.55) ppm over 2 h of exposure. Pretreatment of DHA (1 or 2 g/kg) increased the LC of PH by about 1.6- or 3-fold, respectively. Posttreatment with DHA (2 g/kg) increased the LC of PH by about 1.4-fold. PH inhibited the activity of cytochrome c oxidase in the assessed organs. It was found that DHA treatment restored mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity. These findings suggested that DHA could be an effective antidote for PH poisoning.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbt.22897 | DOI Listing |
J Med Entomol
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Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdańsk 80-308, Poland.
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A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, Bld. 40, Moscow 119992, Russia.
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