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spp., and Threats to the Food Industry and Public Health.
Foodborne Pathog Dis
January 2025
Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Foodborne pathogens have always been of public health concern and represent safety issues for food processors. These pathogens develop new ways to overcome antibiotics, survive in different environmental conditions, and the ability to reproduce in many hostile environments configure them as serious health hazards. Considering the huge number of microorganisms, three bacterial representatives were selected to provide a better knowledge about the question of which one is the worst enemy for humans, from the food industry point of view, taking into consideration their multiplication specificity, virulence, and resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis and Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Individuals Using HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis.
JAMA Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) has been shown to decrease the incidence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people assigned male sex at birth in clinical trials, but data from clinical practice are limited.
Objective: To describe early uptake of doxyPEP and evaluate changes in STI incidence following doxyPEP initiation.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study of adults (aged ≥18 years) dispensed HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California during November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023, examined electronic health record data to compare HIV PrEP users dispensed and not dispensed doxyPEP and rates of bacterial STIs before and after starting doxyPEP.
Use of Clinical Trial Characteristics to Estimate Costs of New Drug Development.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
RAND, Santa Monica, California.
Importance: Despite their importance to patients, health, and industry, the magnitude of investments in drug research and development (R&D) remain nebulous. New policies require more granular and transparent R&D cost estimates to better balance incentives for innovation and returns to developers.
Objective: To estimate per-drug R&D costs using a novel, reproduceable approach and to describe firm-level R&D costs per discrete unit of R&D activity (1 patient-month).
Perspective: Incidence of Clinician-Diagnosed Lyme Disease in Manitoba, Canada 2009-2018.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis
January 2025
Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Programs Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
Lyme disease (LD) surveillance yields useful information to monitor the disease trends and spatial distribution. However, due to several factors, the Manitoba Health surveillance system, as with other systems, could be subject to underreporting. To estimate the number and incidence of clinician-diagnosed LD over the study period in Manitoba, describe the epidemiology of clinician-diagnosed LD, and compare the findings with Manitoba Health LD surveillance data during the same period to estimate the extent of underreporting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeighborhood-level deprivation mediates racial and ethnic disparities in HCC diagnosis in Texas.
Hepatol Commun
November 2024
Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background: Texas has the highest HCC rates in the United States, and the greatest burden is among Hispanics. Racial and ethnic disparities in HCC incidence have multiple underpinning factors. We conducted a mediation analysis to examine the role of neighborhood disadvantage (Area Deprivation Index) as a potential mediator of the association between neighborhood race and ethnicity distribution and neighborhood HCC case counts in Texas.
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