AI Article Synopsis
- Current guidelines suggest that individuals over 65 with type 2 diabetes should be screened annually for cognitive impairment, often using the mini-mental state evaluation (MMSE) as a primary tool.
- Researchers conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of retinal microperimetry for monitoring cognitive function over a year in these patients, finding that while MMSE scores decreased in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), retinal sensitivity remained stable but gaze fixation worsened.
- The study concludes that retinal microperimetry, particularly gaze fixation measurements, could be a useful method for tracking cognitive decline in older patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article Abstract
Unlabelled: Current guidelines recommend annual screening for cognitive impairment in patients > 65 years with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The most used tool is the mini-mental state evaluation (MMSE). Retinal microperimetry is useful for detecting cognitive impairment in these patients, but there is no information regarding its usefulness as a monitoring tool. We aimed to explore the role of retinal microperimetry in the annual follow-up of the cognitive function of patients with T2D older than 65 years.
Materials And Methods: Prospective observational study, comprising patients > 65 years with T2D, attended at our center between March-October 2019. A complete neuropsychological evaluation assessed the baseline cognitive status (mild cognitive impairment, MCI, or normal, NC). Retinal microperimetry (sensitivity, gaze fixation) and MMSE were performed at baseline and after 12 months.
Results: Fifty-nine patients with MCI and 22 NC were identified. A significant decline in the MMSE score was observed after 12 months in the MCI group (25.74 ± 0.9 vs. 24.71 ± 1.4; = 0.001). While no significant changes in retinal sensitivity were seen, all gaze-fixation parameters worsened at 12 months and significantly correlated with a decrease in the MMSE scores.
Conclusion: Retinal microperimetry is useful for the monitoring of cognitive decline in patients > 65 years with T2D. Gaze fixation seems a more sensitive parameter for follow-up after 12 months than retinal sensitivity.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8398405 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11080698 | DOI Listing |
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