Food-grade titanium dioxide (TiO; E171) is a coloring food additive. In May 2021, a scientific opinion was published by the European Food Safety Authority concluding that TiO can no longer be considered as a safe food additive. Our aim was to investigate the trends in the use of TiO in the food supply. A case study was conducted in Slovenia using two nationally representative cross-sectional datasets of branded foods. Analysis was performed on = 12,644 foods (6012 and 6632 in 2017 and 2020, respectively) from 15 food subcategories where TiO was found as a food additive. A significant decrease was observed in the use of TiO (3.6% vs. 1.8%; < 0.01). TiO was most often used in the chewing gum category (36.3%) in 2017, and chocolate and sweets category (45.9%) in 2020. Meanwhile, in 2017, the largest share of TiO-containing foods was observed in the chewing gum category, namely, 70.3%, and these products presented over 85% of the market share. In 2020, only 24.6% of chewing gums contained TiO, which accounted for only 3% of the market share. In conclusion, we showed an overall decrease in TiO use, even though it has not yet been officially removed from the list of authorized food additives.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081910 | DOI Listing |
Dev Neurobiol
January 2025
Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) can be induced under various stress conditions. This study aimed to explore the role of GDF15 in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced HT22 cells. OGD/R was employed to induce the HT22 cell model, and GDF15 expression was upregulated via transfection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Oral Health
December 2024
School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Background: This randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effect of intracanal cryotherapy with 2-4 °C normal saline irrigation on post-operative pain after single-visit non-surgical root canal retreatment.
Methods: Forty-six single-rooted, single-canal teeth requiring non-surgical root canal retreatment were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 23): a cryotherapy group and a control group. All the treatments were completed during a single visit.
Poult Sci
December 2024
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of thyme powder (TP), garlic powder (GP), and their combination as natural alternatives to antibiotics on broiler growth performance, blood indices, and carcass characteristics. A completely randomized design was used, with four experimental groups consisting of 264 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks (45.27±0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address:
Glycosylation is one of the most fundamental biochemical processes in cells. It plays crucial roles in diversifying plant natural products for structures, bioavailability and bioactivity, and thus, renders the glycosylated compounds valuable as food additives, nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Moreover, glycosylated compounds impact plant growth, development and stress response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)
November 2024
Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Iron fortification compounds are of special interest to treat iron deficiency anemia, however, the dose-response effects of these fortificants on liver and renal functions have not been extensively reported in human subjects. The present study determines the effects of prebiotics and iron fortificants on liver function tests (LFTs) and renal function tests (RFTs) among women of reproductive age (WRA). A double-blind randomized controlled trial was performed for the duration of 90 days.
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