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A Novel Orthotopic Liver Cancer Model for Creating a Human-like Tumor Microenvironment. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading form of liver cancer, and this study focuses on creating a mouse model that mimics the human tumor microenvironment (TME).
  • The researchers developed three-dimensional human HCC organoids using specific cell types and implanted them into immune-deficient mice, enhancing survival and adherence rates.
  • The study found that certain cells in the TME, particularly iPSC-derived mesenchymal cells, and liver fibrosis contribute to HCC growth, while the early immune response can help slow down tumor progression.

Article Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer. This study aims to develop a new method to generate an HCC mouse model with a human tumor, and imitates the tumor microenvironment (TME) of clinical patients. Here, we have generated functional, three-dimensional sheet-like human HCC organoids in vitro, using luciferase-expressing Huh7 cells, human iPSC-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-EC), and human iPSC-derived mesenchymal cells (iPSC-MC). The HCC organoid, capped by ultra-purified alginate gel, was implanted into the disrupted liver using an ultrasonic homogenizer in the immune-deficient mouse, which improved the survival and engraftment rate. We successfully introduced different types of controllable TME into the model and studied the roles of TME in HCC tumor growth. The results showed the role of the iPSC-EC and iPSC-MC combination, especially the iPSC-MC, in promoting HCC growth. We also demonstrated that liver fibrosis could promote HCC tumor growth. However, it is not affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, the implantation of HCC organoids to humanized mice demonstrated that the immune response is important in slowing down tumor growth at an early stage. In conclusion, we have created an HCC model that is useful for studying HCC development and developing new treatment options in the future.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8394300PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13163997DOI Listing

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