This study has developed a specific, easy, and novel approach to designing a sacrificial metal-organic framework (MOF) that can detect and measure the amount of Hg in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions using the naked eye. The functionalized [Zn(oba)(RL3)]·1.5DMF (TMU-59) provides the ability of simple visual assessment or colorimetric readout without sophisticated analytical equipment. Because of the special interaction with Hg, degradation of the structure of this unique MOF causes the solution to change color from colorless to a pink that is easily recognizable to the naked eye. The presence of a methyl group plays a major role in naked-eye detection by a qualitative sensor. Furthermore, this qualitative sensor data for the production of a simple, instant, and portable red, green, and blue (RGB)-based quantitative sensor were used to determine the concentration of Hg in different specimens. As a turn-off fluorescence sensor, this unique structure is also capable of detecting Hg at very low concentrations (the limit of detection is 0.16 ppb). To the best of our knowledge, TMU-59 is the first MOF-based naked-eye sensor that can successfully and specifically display the presence of Hg through a major color change.
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